ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT (EIA) SYSTEM

in the Philippines
• Strategic Environmental Assessment
• Considerations of Cumulative and Induced
Impacts
• Financial Mechanisms
 BACKGROUND
EIA Laws (Presidential Issuances)

• PD 1151 (1977) – Philippine Environmental Policy

Requires sponsors of projects affecting the quality of
the environment to prepare environmental impact
statements
• PD 1586 (1978) – Establishment of the Philippine
Environmental Impact Statement System (PEISS)
w/ the then National Environmental Protection Council
(NEPC) as the lead agency
 EIA Laws (Presidential Issuances)
• PP 2146 (1981) – Proclaims certain areas and
types of projects as environmentally critical &
w/in the scope of the PEISS
• Administrative Order 42 (2002) – Rationalizing
the Implementation of the Philippine EIS System
giving authority, in addition to the DENR
Secretary, to the EMB Central and Regional Office
Directors to grant or deny issuance of ECCs
 EIA in the context of the
Philippines (EIS)
• The process of predicting the likely
environmental consequences of implementing
a project and designing appropriate
preventive mitigating and enhancement
measures as an input to decision making
The emphasis ,compared with other
mechanisms for environmental protection is on
PREVENTION
 Conduct of EIA Study and
Environmental Compliance Certificate
(ECC) Applications
• EIA Study is conducted by the proponent or
expert group commissioned by the proponent
• Result of the EIA Study is documented and
submitted to the EMB for review and
evaluation as the major basis for the decision
on Environmental Compliance Certificate
(ECC) applications
 Contents of the ECC
(Environmental Compliance Certificate / Denial Letter)

• Scope and limitations of approved

activities/components
• Conditions to ensure compliance with EMPs
• Recommendations to other agencies Denial letter
• Specify basis of decision
ECCs of Projects not implemented
within 5 years from its date of issuance is
deemed expired
Environmental Assessment Levels
 Considerations in the Analysis of
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

• DIRECT IMPACTS
• INDIRECT (including Induced) IMPACTS
• CUMULATIVE IMPACTS
 Direct Impacts
• Pollution due to discharge of waste streams into
air/water/land
• Noise pollution due emission of sound from plant
activities
• Intentional addition of substances such as
pesticides, herbicides etc,
• Contamination of physical environment due to
accidental release of hazardous substances or
addition resulting from spills blowouts, explosion
NON BUDGETARY FUNDING SUPPORT
FOR EIA