COMMON AILMENTS OF THE CIRCULATORY AND

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 COMMON AILMENTS OF THE
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Studies shows that cardiovascular diseases are
the most common causes of mortality not only
in the Philippines but in other parts of the
world as well
 ANEMIA
 It is an ailment of the blood
which can be caused by any of the
following:

1. low production of rbc

2. rapid destruction of rbc
3. iron deficiency
4. too much loss of blood
 ANEMIA
 The symptoms of anemia are:

1. fatigue
2. shortness of breath
3. rapid pulse
4. pounding of heart
5. paleness in the palms,
fingernails and the lining
of the eyelids
 LEUKEMIA
 It is a cancer of the blood
 it is characterized by abnormal production
of white blood cells in the bone marrow
 Symptoms:
1. gum bleeding
2. tenderness of bones
3. frequent bruising on some parts
of the body
(in some cases)
1.high fever
2.night sweats
 HYPERTENSION
 ““High Blood Pressure” or HBP
 This ailment is usually caused by the
narrowing of some arteries which
makes the heart pump harder
 Causes of hypertension are:
1. heredity
2. obesity
3. smoking
4. salted food
5. lack of exercise
6. emotional stress
 ATHEROSCLEROSIS
 Is a disease of the artery in which the
inner layer becomes thick making the
passageway narrow and impairing the
flow of blood due to the formation of
deposits of cholesterol (mostly) and
fat absorbing cells
 stroke may result to death or
disability

 Causes of atherosclerosis are:

1. High blood pressure
2. Smoking
 CORONARY HEART DISEASE
 IS A DAMAGE TO THE HEART CAUSED BY NARROWING OF
ARTERIES THAT SUPPLY BLOOD TO HEART MUSCLE
 THE HEART MUSCLE DOES NOT RECEIVE OXYGEN, IT DIES
(OR BECOMES INFARCTED
 WHEN THIS HAPPENS, “A HEART ATTACK” OCCURS
 MAY HAVE NO SYMPTOMS
 DOCTORS PRESCRIBE
MEDICINES TO IMPROVE
BLOOD FLOW
 RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
 is a weakening of the heart due
to the inflammation of its inner
lining or failure of a heart valve
to close, thus causing blood to
leak
 this leaking of blood produces a
sound similar to a heart murmur
 RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE
 Rhd results from rheumatic fever which is the usual
complication of strep throat, an infection caused by
“streptococcus bacteria”
 this is common among
children and adolescents
ages 5 – 15 yrs old

 Symptoms:
1. shortness of breath
2. palpitations
3. irregular heartbeat
 CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
 is any defect in the structure of the heart or major blood vessels that is
present at birth
 the defect arises during the development of the embryo in the
mother’s womb. this happens when the mother gets sick of rubella
(german measles)during early stages pregnancy
 the infection may affect the
developing embryo and cause
defects in its heart
 symptoms: low levels of
oxygen in the blood
 ASTHMA
 Is the periodic constriction of the
bronchi and bronchioles
that makes breathing difficult.
 Airborne irritants to which the
person is allergic to can trigger it.
 EMPHYSEMA
 is one of the
diseases that comprises
COPD (chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease).

 It involves gradual damage

of lung tissue, specifically thinning
and destruction of the alveoli or air
sacs.
 PNEUMONIA
 Is an infection of the alveoli cased
by many kinds of both bacteria and
viruses.
 Tissue fluids accumulate in the
alveoli reducing the surface area
exposed to air
 THROMBOSIS
 Is a condition where the blood in an
unbroken blood vessel clots easily.
 This can lead to a stroke or heart
attack.
 If the blood takes too long
to clot, the condition is
called hemorrhage.