Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 27

BY: ABHISHEK JAT

ADITI SINGH PARIHAR


AISHWARYA &
AKSHAY SHAH

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT


What is sewage treatment?

 It is based on biological principles of sewage


purification where the purification is brought
about by the action of anaerobic and aerobic
bacteria.
• It is divided into 2 parts
 PRIMARY TREATMENT
 SECONDARY TREATMENT
Goals

 To stabilize the organic matter so that it can


be disposed of safely into the environment.
 To produce solid waste (sludge) which can be
later used as manure.
Where does wastewater come from?

 Residences (kitchen, bathroom)


 Commercial institution
 Industrial institution (usually require
specialized treatment process)
3 stages of water treatment

 Primary
 solids are separated
 Secondary
 dissolved biological matter is converted into a solid
mass by using water-borne bacteria
 95% of the suspended molecules should be removed
 Tertiary
 biological solids are neutralized then disposed, and
treated water may be disinfected chemically or
physically
Primary treatment
 Typical materials that are removed during
primary treatment include
 fats, oils, and greases (aka FOG)
 sand, gravels and rocks (aka grit)
 larger settleable solids including human waste,
and
 floating materials
Methods used in primary treatment

• SCREENING
 Sewage is first passed through the metal screen
where large objects like wood pieces, dead
animals, mass of garbage is blocked.
 Screening are removed from time to time either
manually or mechanically.
GRIT CHAMBER

 Sewage is then passed through a narrow


chamber called grit chamber.
 It allows the settlement of heavier solids such
as gravel while permitting the organic matter
to pass through.
 The grit collected at the bottom is removed
continuously .
SCREENING & GRIT CHAMBER
PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION TANK

Very large tank, where sewage is made to


flow very slowly.
Faecal,solids,organic matter
settle(sludge).Fat and grease rise to the
surface known as scum.
The liquid left between sludge and scum Is
called effluent, which is further taken for
secondary treatment.
PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION TANK
Secondary treatment
 The effluent still contains organic matter and
numerous organisms.It has high oxygen demand
so, its further treated by aerobic oxygen.
By one of the following methods:
(a) TRICKLING FILTER METHOD
(b) ACTIVATED SLUDGE METHOD (which is usually
used in metro cities)
TRICKLING FILTER METHOD
 It contain a bed of stones or cinker.
 It is 4-8 ft deep and 95-100 ft in diameter
 The effluent from the primary sedimentation
tank is sprinkled uniformly and the surface on
the bed by a revolving device where it is
constantly agitated mechanically and air is
pumped into it.
 Device consist of hollow pipes which have a row
of holes
Contd…..
 The pipe keeps rotating sprinkling effluent over
the bed.
 Effluent percolated through the filter bed which
is oxidised by the layer of bacteria,
fungus,algae,protozoa which is known as
Zoogleal layer.
 Regular supply of oxygen is needed by zoogleal
flora.
 The microbes consume the major part of
organic matter in the effluent.
Contd…..
 Constant oxygen allows vigorous growth of
useful aerobic bacteria which consumes organic
matter.
 This significantly reduces the Biological oxygen
demand of the effluent.
 The oxidised sewage is now led into the
secondary treatment tank.
TRICKLING FILTER
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
 It is a modern method of purifying sewage in
place of trickling method ,it is usually done in
metro cities .
 The effluent is mixed with the sludge drawn
from final settling tank known as activated
sludge.
 This process includes aeration tank, the aeration
is done by either mechanical agitation or by
forcing compressed air continuously from the
bottom of the aeration tank.
SECONDARY SEDIMENTATION

 The oxidized sewage from the trickling filter


or aeration chamber is led into the secondary
sedimentation tank.
 The sludge collected in this tank is called
activated sludge .
 It differs from the sludge of primary
sedimentation tank as it is rich in
bacteria,nitrogen and phosphates and is a
valuable manure if dehydrated
Sludge and effluent disposal
 The treated sludge is transferred to the digested
sludge drying beds after which it is used as
manure.
 And the effluent can be disposed off into water
bodies or used for irrigation purpose.
Summary
OUR VISIT TO SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT BHOPAL.
CLARIDIGESTER SETTLING TANK
TRICKLING FILTER
CLARIFIRE
SLUDGE DRYING BED
THANKYOU

Вам также может понравиться