THE

DIABETES
 LA DIABETES
Diabetes is a disease in which
the glucose (sugar) levels in
the blood are very high.
Glucose comes from the foods
you eat. Insulin is a hormone
that helps glucose enter cells
to give them energy.
 TYPES OF DIABETES ACCORDING TO THE

WORLD
 DIABETES HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
TYPE 1
 TYPE 2 DIABETES
 GESTATIONAL DIABETES
 TYPES 1 DIABETES

It is the result of the destruction of pancreatic beta cells,

which generally leads to an absolute deficiency of insulin.

It represents only 5-10% of all patients with diabetes.

It usually appears in childhood or youth, although it can

appear at any time of life and has antibodies (IAA, IA2,

DAD), which is why it is considered an autoimmune disease.

TYPE 1 DIABETES SYMPTOMS
Type 1 diabetes can appear gradually or suddenly. A
person may have diabetes and not realize
it because the symptoms are not always obvious and
may take a long time to manifest.

Polyuria

Polydipsia

Fatigue and fatigue

Weightloss

Polyphagy
TYPE 2 90-95%
It represents DIABETES
of all cases of diabetes.
It is characterized by a relative, rather than
absolute, insufficiency of insulin and a
resistance to its action.
It usually appears in adult life, above 40 years
and does not always need treatment with
insulin.
The risk of developing this form of diabetes
increases with age, weight and lack of physical
activity, being more frequent in obese,
hypertensive and dyslipemic patients.
CAUSES
To this day, the exact causes that lead to the onset of this
metabolic disease are still unknown.
However, there are a number of factors that, combined with
each other,
favor their origin. These factors are:

 Genetic factor
 Autoimmune factor
 Environmental factor
WHAT IS THE MOST FREQUENT
DIABETES?

Of every ten people with diabetes, nine have

type 2 diabetes, the vast majority are
overweight
or obese. Almost half of adults with diabetes
DO NOT KNOW THEIR CONDITION.
 TREATMENT
Depending on the type of diabetes you have,
controlling your blood sugar level, insulin and oral
medications can influence your treatment. A healthy
diet, a healthy weight and regular
activity are also important factors in the control of
diabetes.
DIAGNOSIS
The following tests can be used to diagnose
diabetes:

• Analysis of urine sample: glucose and

ketones in the urine
• Blood test for diagnosis
PREVALENCE
•  .
The prevalence of diabetes has increased more rapidly in middle and lower

income countries

• The number of people with diabetes has increased from 108

million in 1980 to 422 million in 2017
PHARMACOTHERAPY
In those patients who, after a period of

three months of dietary treatment, of

physical exercise and education about

their disease, do not observe a

reasonable improvement in their blood

glucose, according to the individual

objectives established, pharmacological

 CONCLUSIONS
Complications resulting from
diabetes are more likely if
diabetes is not well
controlled.
It is important that the
diabetic follow the instructions
on diet and other aspects
of health that the doctor
indicates.
NOVEMBER 14 WORLD

DAY OF THE