ACTIVE

ENGAGEMENT
OF THE YOUTH
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE,
SOCIETY AND POLITICS

ANGIE DOREEN P. KHO

DGBZMSF ALUMNA, BATCH 2015
JULY 8, 2019 1:00 PM
Dr. Geronimo B. Zaldivar Memorial School of Fisheries
Albuera, Leyte
GETTING
TO
KNOW!
ANGIE DOREEN P. KHO
DBZMSF ALUMNA, BATCH 2015

• Graduate, Bachelor of Arts in

Political Science Major in Law and
Policy Studies
UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS, CEBU
CITY

• Currently enrolled as a Juris Doctor

Student (Bachelor of Law)
UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS
COLLEGE OF LAW, CEBU CITY
ANGIE DOREEN P. KHO

• COUNCILOR, USC - Supreme

Student Council
(Highest governing body in the
university)

• Three (3) time Elected Officer

Carolinian Political Science Society
(CPSS)
ANGIE DOREEN P. KHO

• PHILIPPINE DELEGATE
- Asia Youth International Model
United Nations 2018
(Bangkok, Thailand)

• REPRESENTATIVE OF 4TH
CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT OF
LEYTE
- Philippine Model Congress 2018
(Senate of the Philippines, Pasay
Manila)
 POLITICS
AND GOVERNANCE
IN THE PHILIPPINES
LOOKING INTO THE BASICS

POLITICS

CULTURE SOCIETY
YOUTH
ENGAGEMENT
THE (UNFORTUNATE) PERVADING NOTION OF
POLITICS
 WHAT IS REALLY
POLITICS?

“POLIS” :GREEK THE ART OF PUBLIC COMPROMISE POWER

WORD FOR CITY- GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS AND
STATE
CONSENSUS
POLITICS
Politics involves the production,
allocation and use of decision-
making powers among large
groups of individuals. GOVERNANCE
- Is the exercise of power/ authority
by political leader for the well being
at their country’s citizens or subject.

- Refers to the manner of steering/

governing and or directing and
controlling a group of people/ the
state.
POLITICS
Politics involves the production,
allocation and use of decision-
making powers among large
groups of individuals.
 BASIC CONCEPTS OF POLITICS

ORDER POWER AUTHORITY

The ability to influence the Can simply be defined as

the central to the study of politics
behavior of others (esp. their the legitimate exercise or
because it shows different
decisions) with or without concrete demonstration of
components of human society
resistance power
 CLASSIFICATION OF AUTHORITY

TRADITIONAL CHARISMATIC LEGAL RATIONAL

Authority is rooted in history Authority stems from Authority is grounded in a

personality set of impersonal ruleS
GOVERNANCE

•Refers to the various ways

through which social life is
coordinated
 IMPORTANCE OF
STUDYING GOVERNANCE

The people, most especially the citizens, will be

aware of the need for good governance.

Awareness should move to action.

With continued empowerment and sustainable

development, they have to know how to fight
for their rights by knowing what to expect from
Philippine governance.
 PROCESS AND ACTORS IN
GOVERNANCE

IMPLEMENTATION
INFORMAL ACTORS

the process that Their influence is felt

ACTORS
logically follows the more clearly in local BAD
DECISION MAKING
decision An actor is a sector or governments, such GOVERNANCE
refers the process by
group or institution as organized crime legitimate
which a person or group
that participates in the syndicates and government
of persons, guided by
process of decision- powerful families, objectives are
socio-political structures,
making and and in rural and distorted by their
arrive at a decision
implementation. urban areas. illegal and private
involving their individual
and communal needs and interests
wants.
 INDICATORS PARTICIPATION

OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE RULE OF LAW

EFFECTIVENESS AND
EFFICIENCY

TRANSPARENCY
 INDICATORS RESPONSIVENESS

OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE EQUITY AND
INCLUSIVENESS

CONSENSUS ORIENTED

ACCOUNTABILITY
 CURRENT STATE
GOVERNANCE IN THE
PHILIPPINES
UNDERSTANDING THE
PHILIPPINE POLITICAL
CULTURE
WHAT IS A CULTURE?
Culture refers to everything socially created
(Fiske, 1996). One essential characteristic of
culture is that it is shared by different
groups of interacting humans.
 WHAT IS A POLITICAL
CULTURE?
Political culture is the ‘pattern of orientations’ to
political objects such as parties, government,
and the constitution, expressed in beliefs,
symbols and values
 Political culture differs from public
opinion in the sense that it is a
product of long- term values of a
nation, rather than simply people’s
reaction towards specific issues given
a particular time (Heywood 206)
TYPES OF
POLITICAL
CULTURE
PARTICIPANT POLITICAL
CULTURE
- These are the people who
actively participate in the
politics of the nation.
 SUBJECT POLITICAL
CULTURE
- Awareness of the process, but more
or less passive participation.
 PAROCHIAL POLITICAL
CULTURE
-These are the people who are remotely aware of
the presence of a
national government. They have neither
knowledge nor interest in
politics and engage mainly within their locality.
 WHAT IS THE
POLITICAL CULTURE
IN THE PHILIPPINES?
 - Filipino political culture is a systematically
related set of mental and concrete
constructions.
- It includes but is not limited to beliefs, feelings,
group-accepted practices, language and
paraphernalia shared by large groups of
Filipinos as they produce, allocate and use
political powers within, outside, and in
interaction with the state.
 TRADITIONAL
POLITICAL CULTURE
The Primacy of Kinship Ties

Pakikisama
Utang na Loob
Personalistic Politics
SOCIO - POLITICAL
ISSUES IN THE
PHILIPPINES
"Filipinos are the 3rd most ignorant people in the
world in terms of their knowledge of key issues. In
other words, when it came to important topics,
Filipinos are either ignorant of the facts or
misinformed".
Perils of Perceptions 2017
the least ignorant on the right, and the most
ignorant on the left
Ironically, it would appear that based on the survey, those
who rated high in misperception were also among the most
convinced of their views. Despite being among the least
accurate, respondents in the Philippines showed to
be among the most confident in their answers to the survey.
"Most confident in their wrong answers"
The finding is disturbing and may provide an explanation to two
trends persistent in the Philippines: the toxicity of the social
media environment, and why fake news is spread quickly.

Many Filipino netizens think that what they see

online and on social media, represents reality.
 WAR ON DRUGS
EXTRA JUDICIAL
KILLING
- killing of a person by governmental
authorities without the sanction of any
judicial proceeding or any legal process
 THE STATE OF THE
PHILIPPINES DURING
WAR ON DRUGS
 CRISIS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
"The idea that the death penalty will rid the country of drugs is simply
wrong. The resumption of executions will not rid the Philippines of
problems associated with drugs or deter crime. It is an inhumane,
ineffective punishment and is never the solution. The Philippines’
attempts to reintroduce it are clearly unlawful. This will just earn the
country notoriety as one of the few countries to revive its horrific use,”

- Champa Patel, Amnesty International’s Director for Southeast Asia

and the Pacific.
PROLIFERATION OF FAKE
NEWS
Disinformation and Online Threats to
Press Freedom and Democracy
 YOUTH APATHY
TOWARDS SOCIAL &
POLITICAL ISSUES
 AM I A REGISTERED A VOTER?

DID I VOTE DURING ELECTION?

AM I SUFFICIENTLY ENGAGED IN SOCIAL

AND POLITICAL DISCUSSIONS?

DO I CARE ABOUT THE MOST PRESSING

ISSUES TODAY?
• AGES 17 TO 24 YEARS OLD
COLLECTIVELY CALLED
GENERATION Z, GENERALLY
RELY ON THE INTERNET AND
SOCIAL MEDIA TO GET
NEWS.

44% said they used

technology and online
sources of knowledge
very often

88% agreed somehow that

it’s “best” to get news
from social media
 51%
49%
Filipinos allow the
51%
information they see
on their social media
feeds influence their
political views and
opinions on the
government
 BUT THE SAD REALITY ...
Critically evaluate
the information
15%

they find online

10%

Raise questions or
5%
ask clarifications

0%
8% 12%
Is the Youth politically engaged as we
might think?
 56 41%
AGREE that death penalty should be

%
reinstated in the country’s judicial
system, despite international human
rights groups stating its
believe that summary
execution is a legitimate
means of controlling crime
reimposition would be “inhumane”
and “unlawful.”

34
%
believe that the Philippines can
give up their claim in the West
Philippine Sea in exchange for
developing ventures with China
33
they were still uncertain whether
%
“EJKs (extrajudicial killings) are
being used as a method of crime
control”— despite the
overwhelming evidence.