Unit 1

Understanding Disaster
and Risk Reduction
Chapter 1
Disaster, Hazards,
Vulnerability, Capacity
and Disaster Risk
Lesson 1
KEY CONCEPTS OF
DISASTER, HAZARD,
VULNERABILITY, AND
CAPACITY
Lets recall…
During the learning engagement the
learners( you) are expected to

1. Define key concepts of disaster and

Hazard;
2.Assess how Hazard relates to disaster;
3.Classify hazards according to their types
The concept of
Disaster
What is a disaster?
A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological)
hazard resulting in an event of substantial extent
causing significant physical damage or destruction,
loss of life, or drastic change to the environment. A
disaster can be ostensively defined as any tragic event
stemming from events such as earthquakes, floods,
catastrophic accidents, fires, or explosions. It is a
phenomenon that can cause damage to life and
property and destroy the economic, social and cultural
life of people.
What is a disaster?
In contemporary academia, disasters are
seen as the consequence of inappropriately
managed risk. These risks are the product of
a combination of both hazard/s and
vulnerability. Hazards that strike in areas
with low vulnerability will never become
disasters, as is the case in uninhabited
regions.
Activity 1

“PICTURE MY STORY…
WHATS YOUR STORY?”
Guide Question:
1. Describe what do you think about the
picture and share a story that depicted
from the story
2.Identify the disasters in the story
3.Determine the cause of the disaster.
4.Identify the different needs during the
disaster.
Basic concepts in understanding a Disaster

Disasters are frequently described as a

result of the combination of :

1. The exposure to a hazard

2. The condition of vulnerability that are
present; and
3. Insufficient capacity or measures to
reduce or cope with the potential
negative consequences.
Developing Critical Thinking Skills

If a typhoon hits an island

with out any person, is that a
disaster?
Mastery Test
Which of the following events or occurrence qualifies as a disaster?
__1. A collision of three vehicles happen along EDSA. Four people died
in the accident.
__2. A Clash between the Moro Islamic Liberation front and the
Philippine Army happened in 2014. hundreds of residents left and
stayed in evacuation center for 3 months.
__3. In brgy. Magallanes, several household in the locality were heavily
affected by a strong typhoon.(PO) Extended their support to the family.
__4. Due to the extreme weather condition, 95% of the economic
activity in Bunguet were suspended indefinitely.
__5. The municipality of Claver, was under water for one week because
of the continuous heavy rains. There was no electricity in the whole
municipality for almost two weeks.
The concept of Hazard
The concept of Hazard

A hazard is a situation or a occurrence with

capacity to bring damages to lives, properties,
and environment, loss of livelihoods and
services as well as social and economic
disruption.
Type of hazard
Hazard of threats can be classified into
three;
1. NATURAL
2. HUMAN-MADE
3. COMBINATION or SOCIONATURAL
HAZARD
Natural Hazards
Natural phenomena that pose threats or
cause negative impacts to the people and
property.
Example:
Typhoon, storm surge, flood/flashflood,
earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption,
lahar flows, drought, redtide,pestilence and
fire.
Human-made
Human-made hazard include civil
conflict, displacement due to development
project, environmental degradation,
industrial technology hazard.
Example: Leakage of toxic waste, oil
spill, fish kills, nuclear gaseous, chemical
contamination, famine, drought, fire, and
flood.
Combination or socio-natural hazard
Flooding and drought can be fall under
this category if these are due to
deforestation.
Typhoons are natural hazards that can
also cause flash floods. At the same time,
environmental degradation , like excessive
and illegal logging, aggravates the impact of
flash floods.
Natural hazards in general can't be
prevented but can be anticipated.
In human-made hazard can
frequently be prevented and
anticipated. In both cases , the
worst effect of hazards may be
reduced or mitigated.
“Shaking Table Demonstration”
• Which object was affected the most
by the shaking? (Relate to real life
situation)
• Why do you think it was affected the
most? (Relate to real life situation)
Reflection Question

From The 3 Types Of Hazard, What

type of hazard s can be prevented and
can be anticipated and why?
Developing Critical Thinking Skills
1. Classify hazards according to their types. Write your answer
on your activity notebook
#Storm surge #Industrial technology #Oil spill #Famine
#Tsunami #Earthquake #Gaseous Chemical contamination
#Lahar flows #Drought #fire #Nuclear #Civil conflict
#Drought #Flooding #chemical contamination #Flash flood,
#typhoon #Volcanic Eruption Environmental Degradation
#Red tide Pestilence #Red tide

Natural Hazard Human-made Hazard Combination: Socio-

natural Hazard
The end
Skill enhancement

Choose one example of Hazard. Write

an article about the issue.
1. Explain your standpoint and your
analysis if it is preventable or not.
2. Explain why it is preventable and
how it can be prevented.
The concept of
Vulnerability
What is Vulnerability