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2015 NM Objectives
Manage the
obesogenic
environment
Encourage
action to attain
normal weight
Increase awareness on
proper nutrition and
physical activity to
prevent obesity
 Outline
• What is overweight and obesity?
 Assessment
 Status
 Causes and consequences
• Current efforts
• Recommendations
 Overweight and Obesity
Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation
When energy “in”
is greater

than energy out

= weight gain

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 Measures of
overweight and obesity

• Weight-for-age
• Body Mass Index
• Waist circumference
• Waist-hip ratio

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 Weight-for-age
For children 0-5 years old

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 Body Mass Index (BMI)

For older children (61 months and above)

and adults
BMI = weight in kilograms
height in meters2

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 BMI Classification
BMI Classification Disease risk
<18.5 Chronically Energy
Deficient
18.5-24.9 Normal Normal
25.0-29.9 Overweight Increased
30.0-34.9 Obese Grade I High
35.0-39.9 Obese Grade II Very high
≥40.0 Obese Grade III Very high
Source: WHO

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 Waist Circumference (WC)
• Measurement of
abdomen around top of
iliac crest (middle point
of last rib and pelvic
bone)
• Excess fat in abdomen is
out of proportion to total
body fat

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 Waist Circumference (WC)
You have higher risk of developing
noncommunicable diseases if your waist
circumference is:

Equal or more than 88 cm for women

Equal or more than 102 cm for men

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 Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR)
• Measures waist at narrowest point and
hip at widest point
• Divide waist circumference by hip
circumference
• Ex: woman with 35” waist and 46” hip
35/46 = 0.76

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 Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR)
You have higher risk of developing
noncommunicable diseases if your
waist-hip ratio is:

Equal or more than 0.85 for women

Equal or more than 1.0 for men

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 Trend of overweight
and obesity in the Philippines

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 Prevelance of overweight and obese among
children and adolescents by region, 2013
Region O-5 years 5.08 -10 years 10.08-19 years

Source: 8th National Nutrition Survey, DOST-FNRI.

 Prevalence of overweight and obese adults by
place of residence and wealth index, 2013

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Source: 8th National Nutrition Survey, DOST-FNRI.
 Trend in high waist circumference among
adults, 20 years and older, 1998-2013

Source: 8th National Nutrition Survey, DOST-FNRI.

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 Trend in high waist hip ratio among
adults, 20 years and older, 1998-2013

Source: 8th National Nutrition Survey, DOST-FNRI.

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 E
Physical inactivity N
V
I
Unhealthy diet Overweight R
& O
N
Child undernutrition Obesity M
E
Poor breastfeeding N
practices T

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 Distribution of adults 20 years and
older, by physical activity level, 2008

Source: Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures 2008, FNRI-DOST.

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 Comparison in low physical activity among
adults 20 years and older, by domain,
2003-2008

Source: Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures 2008, FNRI-DOST.

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 Physical activity among adolescents
• Only 13.9% students were physically
active for a total of 60 mins per day
• Only 22% of students went to physical
education class for 3 or more days each
week during school year
• 32.3% spent 3 or more hours/day sitting

Source: WHO Global School-based Student

Health Survey – Philippines 22
 Changing dietary patterns
• Filipinos have been eating more meat,
fish and eggs which are good sources of
protein
• High consumption of sugars and syrups,
fats and oils
• Low consumption of vegetables, fruits
and complex carbohydrates

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 Per capita food consumption pattern of
Filipinos, 1978-2013
Consumption (gram), raw as purchased
Food group
1978 1982 1987 1993 2003 2008 2013
Cereals and products 367 356 345 340 364 361 387
Starchy roots & tubers 37 42 22 17 19 17 31
Sugars and syrups 19 22 24 19 14 17 16
Fats and oils 13 14 14 12 18 15 16
Milk and products 42 44 43 44 49 42 7
Fish and products 102 113 111 99 104 110 101
Meat and products 23 32 37 34 61 58 58
Egg 8 9 10 12 13 14 17
Dried beans, nuts, seeds 8 10 10 10 10 9 9
Vegetables 145 130 111 106 111 110 120
Fruits 104 102 107 77 54 54 44
Source: National Nutrition Surveys, FNRI-DOST 24
 Changing dietary patterns
• increasing urbanization – diets that are high in
fat, simple sugars, processed foods, refined
carbohydrates
• globalization – increased trade liberalization
making available wide variety of processed and
fast food establishments
• increased frequency of eating away from home
• ICT – rampant use of computers, online games
• influence of mass media

Source: Pedro, et.al. 25

 Child undernutrition

• Particularly during first 1,000 days of

life
• Infants who experienced growth failure
early in life and had rapid weight gain
are at risk to adult obesity and NCDs

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 Poor breastfeeding practices
• Breastmilk has protective factor against
obesity and NCDs in adulthood
• Breastfeeding improves feeding
method, affects infant’s appetite
• Physiological differences between
breastmilk and infant formula

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 Consequences of obesity

http://www.hkjpaed.org/details.asp?id=43&show=1234
Current efforts to address
overweight and obesity
 Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition
(PPAN), 2011-2016
• Target is “no increase in 2008
prevalence”
• Promote healthy lifestyle
• Increased consumption of vegetables
and fruits
• Increase physical activity

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 National Policy on NCDs
DOH Administrative Order 2011-003
“National Policy on Strengthening the
Prevention and Control of Chronic Lifestyle-
related NCDs”
• Addresses the four shared risk factors of
NCDs – smoking, unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, consumption of alcohol

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 DOH-Healthy lifestyle promotion

a. Pilipinas Go 4 Health
b. Recognition system
through “Outstanding
Healthy Lifestyle Advocacy
Awards”
c. Belly Gud for Health

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 Promote Good Nutrition Program -
NNC

• Nutrition counseling and education

• Exclusive breastfeeding and appropriate
complementary feeding
• Nutritional Guidelines for Filipinos

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Pinggang Pinoy – Healthy Food Plate

• easy-to-understand
• uses a familiar food plate
model to convey right
food group proportions
• per-meal basis to meet
energy and nutrient
needs of Filipino adults

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 Nutrition labelling
DOH AO 2014-
0030 requires
mandatory
labelling of all
processed
food products

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 Nutrition labelling
FDA Circular 2012-
015 – voluntary
front-of-pack panel
labelling of caloric
content of
processed foods

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 Promotion of desirable infant and
young child feeding (IYCF) practices

• EO 51 or The Milk Code

• RA 10028 – Expanded
Breastfeeding Promotion Act
of 2009
• Mother-Baby Friendly Hospital
Initiative
• IYCF National Plan of Action
2011-2016
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 School-based interventions
to prevent obesity
• DepED AO No. 08 S2007 on sale of
healthy foods in school canteens
• Integration of health, nutrition and PE in
school curriculum
• Bi-annual nutritional assessment

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 Obesity prevention interventions
for individuals
• Achieve energy balance between intake
and use of calories
• Limit intake of total fats, unsaturated fats
vs. saturated fats and sugars
• Eat more veggies, fruits, legumes, whole
grains, nuts
• 30 minutes of regular, moderate-intensity
physical activity on most days of the week

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 Obesity prevention interventions
among children
• Practice exclusive breastfeeding for the first
six months of life and give appropriate
complementary feeding starting at six
months while continuing breastfeeding
• Instruct mothers to accept child’s ability to
regulate energy intake rather than feeding
until plate is empty

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 Obesity prevention interventions
among older children and adolescents
• Promoting an active lifestyle
• Promoting intake of vegetables and fruits
• Limiting intake of energy-dense,
micronutrient-poor foods
• Targeting mass media campaign to parents
and care providers, school children and
adolescents

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 Obesity prevention interventions
among older children and adolescents
• Enacting legislation to support healthier
composition of food choices
• Developing policies to encourage
consumption of healthier food products and
increase access to recreational physical
activity
• Providing an enabling environment to
increase physical activity

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Individual/Family
1. Eat a variety of foods everyday - more of
vegetables and fruits, legumes and other
fiber-rich foods
2. Prepare food at home more often
3. Exclusively breastfeed newborns up to six (6)
months, then give appropriate
complementary foods while continuing
breastfeeding
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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Individual/Family
4. Monitor and manage weight of family
members.
5. Have regular exercise with the family.
Encourage children to play games.
6. Limit exposure of children to television,
computers, other electronic gadgets to no
more than 2 hours a day.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Community leaders
1. Grow vegetables and fruit-bearing trees
within the community.
2. Organize regular exercise activities that
encourage participation of community
members.
3. Provide access and support to community
members to be able to measure and monitor
their weight.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Community leaders
4. Encourage mothers to exclusively breastfeed
infants and practice appropriate
complementary feeding practices.
5. Provide safe play area for children and other
supportive infrastructure to encourage
physical activity.
6. Mobilize youth groups for sports activities
and to have healthy diets.
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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
School administrators
1. Serve healthy food choices in school
canteens and cafeterias.
2. Grow fruit-bearing trees and vegetables in
schools.
3. Include enjoyable physical activities and
sports events in schools.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Local policy makers and program managers
1. Formulate local policies to support
consumption of healthy diet and increase
access to recreational physical activity.
2. Implement wellness programs or conduct
regular exercises for community members.
3. Recreate physical environments to support
active commuting like walking or biking.
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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Employers
1. Serve healthier food choices during meetings,
seminars, conferences, and other events
2. Conduct seminars/lectures on the
importance of healthy diet and active lifestyle
3. Implement wellness programs for employees
such as the “Belly Gud for Health”

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity

Food industry
1. Self-regulate marketing of foods and non-
alcoholic beverages to children.
2. Reformulate food products to reduce
saturated fats, sodium and sugars.
3. Comply with nutrition labelling guidelines
issued by FDA.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
National government agencies
1. Develop and implement food and agriculture
policies to have adequate supply of food
particularly vegetables and fruits at
affordable prices
2. Disseminate information on good nutrition
and healthy lifestyle

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity

National government agencies

3. Strictly enforce the Milk Code, RA 10028 and
implement policies that promote, protect and
support appropriate infant and young child
feeding practices.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity

National government agencies

4. Use sin taxes to finance health promotion
activities, nutrition education and
promotion of physical activity.
5. Regulate advertisements on consumption of
high-fat, high-sodium and high-sugar
products.

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 Recommended actions to prevent
overweight and obesity
Legislators
1. Enact legislation to regulate the marketing of
foods and non-alcoholic beverages to
children.
2. Enact legislation to increase taxes on sugar-
sweetened beverages.
3. Develop policies on rural and urban planning
and transport to create facilities that support
physical activity.
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 Celebrating Nutrition Month
• Hang Nutrition Month streamers
• Conduct seminars and other fora
• Promote physical activity
• Implement wellness programs
• Conduct nutrition assessment and
nutrition counselling sessions
 Nutrition Month activities
• National Launch on 1 July
• Tie-up with Mandaluyong City on 19 July
for biggest Zumba dance to beat Guinness
Record
• Mass media promotion
• Seminars and lectures
 For more details:

National Nutrition Council

2332 Chino Roces Ave Extension, Taguig City
http://www.nnc.gov.ph
www.facebook.com/nncofficial
www.twitter.com/NNC_Official
www.youtube.com/user/NNC1974
info@nnc.gov.ph
Tel. (02) 843-0142 Fax. 816-4239
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Thank you &
Happy
Nutrition
Month!