FILIPINO

GRIEVANCES
AGAINST
GOVERNOR
WOOD
BACKGROUND
OF THE
AUTHORS
 GREGORIO F. ZAIDE
(MAY 25, 1907 – OCTOBER 31, 1986)

 Was a Filipino historian, author

and politician from the town
of Pagsanjan, Laguna in
the Philippines.
 A multi-awarded author, Zaide
wrote 67 books and more than
500 articles about history, he is
known as the "Dean of
Filipino Historiographers."
 He was one of the founders of
the International Association of
Historians of Asia (IAHA), and
president of the Philippine
Historical Association for three
terms.
 TEODORO A. AGONCILLO

 Born: in Lemery, Batangas,

Philippines November 10, 1912
 Died : January 14, 1985
 was one of the pre-eminent Filipino
historians of the 20th century. He
and his contemporary Renato
Constantino were among the first
Filipino historians who earned
renown for promoting a distinctly
nationalist point of view of Filipino
history (nationalist historiography).
 He was also an essayist and a
poet.
 He was one who stand as the most
prominent 20th century Filipino
historians to emerge during the
post-war period
 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
OF THE
DOCUMENTS
BACKGROUND OF THE
DOCUMENTS (PRIMARY SOURCE)
 Approved by the Commission on
Independence on November 17,
1926 (Appointed: October 14,
1921 until August 7, 1927).
 The document serves as a protest
(Zaide writes for the constitutional
representatives of the Filipino
people).
 The document showed that the
Philippines was under the US and
that we were fooled by false
promises.
BACKGROUND OF THE
DOCUMENTS (SECONDARY SOURCE)
 History of the Filipino People (Eight
Edition) - Philippine Book
 Published by GP Press - (1990)
 ISBN 10:
9718711066 ISBN 13: 9789718711
064
 Agoncillo's History of the Filipino
People, first published in 1960,
remains a popular standard
textbook in many Filipino
universities, as are many of
Agoncillo's other works. This is
despite Agoncillo's controversial
tone and for his perceived leftist
bent.
 CONTENT
PRESENTATION
&
ANALYSIS
Democratic Administration-
President Woodrow Wilson and
Governor General Francis
Burton Harrison completed 8
years in office.
Republic Administration-
President Warren G. Harding
and Governor General Leonard
Wood
THE WOOD-FORBES MISSION
 Wood–Forbes Mission, (1921), fact-finding commission sent to
the Philippines by newly elected U.S. president Warren Harding in March
1921, which concluded that Filipinos were not yet ready for independence
from the United States.

CRITICISMS:
 - Lack of sufficient press
 -mistakes in finances
 -delay in the administration of justice
 - the need for good teachers both in lower and higher instituitions of learning
 - inadequate treatment and care of cultural minorities.
 THE ADMINISTRATION OF LEONARD WOOD
(1921-1927)
 He was a United States Army officer.
He served as the Chief of Staff of the
United States Army, Military Governor
of Cuba, and Governor General of the
Philippines.

 He was determined to govern and to

assume active leadership to remedy
the maladministration which he found
in the country.

 Jones Law-organic act operating in

the Philippines during the American
occupation.
WOOD VS. FILIPINO POLITICOS

 July 17,1923- Manila’s metropolitan dailies headline

the resignation of the Filipino members of the
Wood’s cabinet.
 The open break between Wood and the Filipino
Leaders led by Senate President Manuel Quezon
was not unexpected.
 Wood’s determination to truly govern was met by
Filipino Leaders with counter-offensive, for they
interpreted this as a threat to the autonomy they
already enjoyed.
THE CONLEY CASE AND
THE CABINET CRISIS

 Ray Conley – American detective of the manila

Police Department; charged of gross misconduct
and immorality.
 Ramon J. Fernandez – Mayor of Manila.

 John Green – Chief of Police; reported that the

charges were instigated by gamblers in order to
get rid of Conley for making gambling unprofitable.
 Jose P. Laurel – secretary of the interior during the
Conley Case.
THE GOVERNOR’S VETO POWER

Governor Wood’s veto record showed the

following:

*From October 1923 to February 1924-

the 6th Philippine legislature passed
217 bills and concurrent resolutions.
 1st session of the 7th legislature (1925)- 24 out of
27 bills were vetoed.
 2nd session of the 7th legislature (1926)- the
legislature passed 122 bills, out of which 44 were
vetoed
THE BOARD OF CONTROL
CONTROVERSY

Wood was convinced that the board was illegal because of this reason/s
 *Governor-General occupied a minority position in it.
 *He could never get the consent of the 2 Filipino members (the Senate
President and the House Speaker.

Two fundamental reasons of Wood for getting the Government out of the
business
 1. Philippines treasury needed the money invested in the business
enterprises to spend it for the greater benefit of the public.
 2. Government were not qualified, in any nation of the world, to conduct
business or to engage in any industries which would compete with private
initiative.
 1926- Governor Wood had reach the end of his patience.
 November 9, 1926- Wood abolished the board of control.
 Philippine Supreme Court- upheld the legality of the of the action of the
Governor General.
 U.S. Supreme Court- sustained the decision.
 LEONARD WOOD: IN RETROSPECT

 Wood found the Philippine Government bogged down in a major

financial crisis and riddled with ineffeciency, graft and nepotism.
 Wood’s responsibilities to reform the ” critical situation” and restore
the country.
 Wood’s political philosophy and economic views, his military
backgrounds and personality, contributed to his troubles in the
Philippine.
 After 1923 , Quezon exaggerated his dissatisfaction with many
aspects of Governor Wood for his own political needs.
 Serious bone contention between Wood and the Filipino leaders was
the issue of the Philippine independence in which Governor Wood
opposed and bitterly resented the agitation.
 Wood offended the Filipino’s pride by consistency arguing against
Filipino’s capability and capacity.
CONTRIBUTIONS
&
RELEVANCE
 Nationalistic feelings were aroused by holding up the Governor
as the enemy of Philippine autonomy and independence.
 This serves as a proof that even before Filipinos, especially the
leaders specifically, Manuel Quezon has an eagerness to have
independence in the Philippines.
 The document was serves as an eyewitness account which
serves as enough proof to show the real happenings and
events during those time.
 It serves as a reminder that we must learn to stand in our feet
and be independent. We must learn not to easily trust people
because we do not know their real intentions.
 LEARNING
EXPERIENCES
 Team work is very important.
 We learned to manage our time even we all have part-time
jobs to do after school hours.
 We may have arguments sometimes due to lack of time but we
find time even if it is short. We communicate through chat o
text messages to make our report possible.
 We are able to find books in a big library even it is very hard
because the book that we are looking for is not easily found.
 Our knowledge about new things in history of the Philippines
that we discussed was increased especially in American
Period in the Philippines.
 We can be independent and stand in our own feet just like
what the Filipinos did before.
 REFERENCES:

 History of the Filipino People (Eight Edition) - Philippine Book

(Teodoro Agoncillo)
 https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wood-Forbes-Mission
 https://prezi.com/nc_dlr6c8-q9/filipino-grievances-against-
governor-wood/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy
 https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/843742.Teodoro_A_
Agoncillo
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_F._Zaide
 https://blackrockronn.wordpress.com/2014/09/18/chapter-17-
colonial-policies-towards-complete-autonomy/
 http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/ulatfilipino/390380/an
g-cabinet-crisis-sa-pamahalaan-noong-1923/story/
PREPARED BY: GROUP 8

 Margie Bueno
 Maridel Igdalino

 Maricris Lagatic

1-B EDUC

Submitted to:
Prof. Erlinda B.
Dizon