COMPUTER AIDED BUILDING

PLANNING AND DRAWING

(18CVL37)
DRAWINGS

• The drawings are graphical representation of the idea which are expressed in the shape
of line and figures.
• The shape of line and figure every where in the world have got same meaning therefore
drawing are said to be as a universal language for engineers, architect etc.
• These drawings helps in expressing the ideas, and its develop facilitate the record.
• Architectural Drawings are prepared in three drawing Viz Plan , Elevation and Section.
PLAN

• A plan means, top view of any building or object.

• plan view is defined as a vertical orthographic projection of an object on to a horizontal
plane cutting through the building or Element.
ELEVATION

• An elevation drawing is an orthographic projection drawing that shows one side of the
building or Object.
• The purpose of an elevation drawing is to show the finished appearance of a given side
of the building or Object and furnish vertical height dimensions
SECTION

• Geometrically, a section is a horizontal orthographic projection of a building on to a

vertical plane cutting through the building.
• Cross section is vertical cut section of any building which shows the details of dimension,
thickness of any component of a building.
• It also represents the sill height, lintel height, floor height and other minute details of a
structure.
CONVENTIONS AS PER IS 962:1989:
(CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND SYMBOLS)
• Conventional signs are used to represent the particular item like stone masonry, brick
masonry, concrete etc. in the section of drawing. (i.e.) when the materials are cut by any
imaginary plane.
• Conventional symbols are provided to indicate doors, windows, their fixing, and
movement of shutters. various water supply and sanitary fixtures like tap, wash basin,
W.C., urinals, Kitchen sink, shower etc,
• Symbols are used to indicate positions of furniture on drawing room, bedroom, suitable
symbols are used.
WHAT ARE THE PURPOSES OF
CONVENTIONAL SIGN & SYMBOLS?
• The Bureau of Indian standards (B.I.S) has recommended the conventional
signs and symbols for
• Avoid confusion and to understand the drawings
• Save the time in making out various details in the drawing
• Identify the various details of materials, Electrical fixtures, water-supply and sanitary
fittings, Position of furniture‟s etc.
• To prevent any dispute between contractor and owner in the actual construction of the
structure.
 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN DRAWING

S. Abbre Full Form S. Abbre Full Form 13

viations viations TW Teak Wood 14 MH FF
No. No.
15
NT Nahani Trap 16 GT Gully Trap
17
` BBM Burnt Brick Masonry 2 CM Cement Mortar GI Galvanized Iron 18 CI Cast Iron
19
3 DPC Damp Proof Course 4 UCRM Uncoursed rubble RCC Reinforced Cement 20 AC Asbestos Cement

Masonry Concrete
21
5 CR Coursed Masonry 6 D Door PCC Plain Cement 22 IC Inspection Chember

7 W Window 8 V Ventilators Concrete

23
9 WC Water Closet 10 FSI Floor Space Index CC Cement Concrete 24 GL Ground Level
25
11 FAR Floor area ratio 12 CCTW Country cut teak PL Plinth Level 26 FL Floor Level
27
wood LL Lintel Level 28 FFL Finished Floor Level
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
LINES USED IN DRAWING
• Points to remember while using lines in drawing

• Without reason one should not use any type of line

in drawing.
• According to meaning of line, thickness of line
should be taken.
• In cases where other-types or thicknesses of lines
are used for special fields or if the lines specified in
the table are used for applications other than those
detailed in the last column of the table, the
conventions adopted must be indicated or
explained by notes on the drawing concerned.
COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING