Prepared by: MERSEL M.

BARBA, LPT
 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the workshop, you are
expected to:
• Describe journalism and its key points;
• Identify the keys to writing good
journalism;
• Enumerate the several different forms
of journalism; and
• Write good journalism.
Photojournalis
m
 Sports
Journalists
at Indianapolis
Motor Speedway
 Migrant
Mother
Dorothea Lange
produced the seminal
image of the Great
Depression
An American
Young Girl
Marc Riboud.
Washington DC. 1967
 Passage
Matthew Cusick:
Art that Travels
Children of
Puray
Matthew Cusick:
Art that Travels
 “A PICTURE IS
WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS”
PHOTOJOURNALISM
 PHOTOJOURNALIS
M
 It is the process of story telling
using the medium of photography
as the main story telling device.
 The photojournalist uses camera to
capture the visual representation
of a story.
 ROLES OF
PHOTOJOURNALISTS
Photojournalists create pictures that
contribute to the news media, and
help communities connect with one
other.
They must be well informed and
knowledgeable about events
happening right outside their door.
They deliver news in a creative format
 QUALITIES OF A GOOD
PHOTOGRAPH/ IMAGE
• Timeliness. The images have meaning in the
context of a recently published record of
events.
• Objectivity. The situation implied by the
images is a fair and accurate representation of
the events they depict in both content and tone.
• Narrative. The images combine with other
news elements to make facts relatable to
“A PICTURE IS WORTH
A THOUSAND WORDS”
(but only if it got a really
good cutline, too!)
 CAPTION AND CUTLINE
 Captions: Captions are the little
“headlines” over the
“cutlines”
 Cutlines: Cutlines (at newspapers
and some magazines) are
the words (under the
caption, if there is one) describing the
CAPTION AND CUTLINE
Obama vs. Palin
caption
President lineand former Alaska
Obama
Gov. Sarah Palin have agreed to
disagree over the rules of a “death
match” scheduled between the two in
the Capitol Rotunda. Betting odds in
Las Vegas give the nod to Palin, who
has been known to shoot a moose, after
CUTLINE: Required Information
Who is that? (And, in most cases, identify people
from left to right unless the action in the
photograph demands otherwise.)
Why is this picture in the paper?
What's going on?
When and where was this?
Why does he/she/it/they look that way?
How did this occur?
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Trite writing should be avoided. Do not point
out the obvious by using such phrases as “looks
on,” “is shown” and “pictured above.”
•  Don't editorialize. The cutline writer should
never make assumptions about what someone in a
picture is thinking or try to interpret the person's
feelings from his or her expression. The reader
should be given the facts and allowed to decide
for herself or himself what the feelings or
emotions are. 
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Avoid the known; explain the unknown.
The cutline writer should avoid
characterizing a picture as beautiful,
dramatic, grisly or other such descriptive
terms that should be evident in the
photograph. However, the cutline should
explain something about how the picture
was taken if it shows something not
normally observable by the human eye.
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Reflect the image. Cutline writers should make
sure that the words accurately reflect the picture.
If a picture shows two or more people, the cutline
writer should count the number of identifiable
people in the photo and check the number and sex
of the people identified in the cutline to make
certain that they match. Special precautions
should be taken to make sure that the cutline
does not include someone who has been cropped
out of the original photo. 
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Always, always, always check spelling.
The cutline writer should check the spelling
of names in the story against the names
that a photographer has provided to see if
there are discrepancies. The editor also
should be sure that names in the cutline
are the same names used in the story. It
should not be John Smith in the cutline, but
John P. Smith in the story. 
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• “Wild art.” Photographs that do not
accompany stories often are termed “wild
art.”  The cutlines for wild art should
provide the same basic information that a
story does. Such things as the “five W's”
(who, what, when, where and why) are
good to remember when writing such
cutlines. Don't try writing the cutline
without needed facts.
TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Accompanying art. If a picture is running
with a story, a lengthy cutline is usually not
needed. Sometimes a single line is
sufficient to identify the people or situation
shown in the picture and to make clear
their relationship to the story.
• Shorter is better.
• Don’t do fiction.
Literary Writing
 LITERARY WRITING
• It is defined as creating a new
creative work.
Poetry
 POETRY
• Poetry (ancient Greek: ποιεω (poieo) = I
create) is an art form in which human
language is used for its aesthetic qualities.
• It is a form of writing that uses not only
words, but also form, pattern of sound,
imagery, and figurative language to convey
the message.
 ELEMENTS OF POETRY
• THEME
• TONE
• FORM
• SOUND DEVICES
• IMAGERY
• FIGURES OF SPEECH
 THEME

• The theme of the poem is its central or

main idea.
• It is the message of the poem.
 TONE/MOOD

• It is the feelings or the emotion of the

speaker in the poem as reflected with the
choice of words of the writer.
 FORM
• A poem's form is its appearance.
• It is divided into lines.
• Many poems, especially longer
ones, may also be divided into
group of lines called stanzas.
• Stanzas function like paragraphs in
a story. Each one contains a single
idea or takes the idea one step at a
 SOUND DEVICES
Some poems use some techniques of sound
such as rhythm, rhymes, rhyme scheme,
alliteration, onomatopoeia, and repetition.
• Rhythm is the pattern of beats or stresses in the
poem.
• Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds.
• Rhyme scheme is the rhyming pattern that is
created at the end of the lines of the poem. If the
poem does not have a rhyme scheme, it is
 SOUND DEVICES
• Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at
the beginning of words.
Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers.
• Onomatopoeia are words used to represent
particular sounds.
Crash…Bang…Boom…Zip
• Repetition refers to repeating some words or lines
within the poem to create emphasis.
 IMAGERY

• Imagery is used to create image to the

reader's imagination. It appeals to the five
senses of the reader.
 FIGURE OF SPEECH
• Figures of speech are a special kind of imagery. It
creates mental representation by comparisons.
• Figures of speech are connotations. It should not be
taken literally.
• SIMILE is a comparison using like or as.
• METAPHOR describes one thing as if it were
another.
• PERSONIFICATION gives human characteristic to
 DOS IN WRITING POETRY
• Keep paper and pen handy.
• Jot down a theme or a line or two that
come to your mind.
• Take time to munch it well. Add more
points.
• Take more time to collect ideas as they
come to you. Fit in rhymes if you like.
Arrange them.
 DOS IN WRITING POETRY

• Believe in the inspiration of the Holy

Spirit.
• Refer to friends or relatives for
preview, comments or corrections in
your poem.
• Read poems and songs. Study how
the lines and stanzas are made up.
 DON'TS IN WRITING POETRY
• Don't be rigid or fixed about the form
or number of lines.
• Don't try to imitate a poem/poet
unless you write parody.
• Don't use poetry to teach or to teach
directly
• Don't hesitate to revise and correct
what you have first written.
Prose
 PROSE
• Prose is a form of language that has
no formal metrical structure.
• It applies a natural flow of speech,
and ordinary grammatical structure,
rather than rhythmic structure, such
as in the case of traditional poetry.
 TYPES OF PROSE

• Nonfictional Prose: A literary

work that is mainly based on fact,
though it may contain fictional
elements in certain cases.
Examples include biographies and
essays.
• Fictional Prose: A literary work
that is wholly or partly imagined
TYPES OF PROSE
• Heroic Prose: A literary work that
may be written down or recited, and
which employs many of the formulaic
expressions found in oral tradition.
Examples are legends and tales.
• Prose Poetry: A literary work that
exhibits poetic quality – using
emotional effects and heightened
imagery – but which are written in
FLASH FICTION
 WHAT IS
FLASH FICTION?
• It is also known as sudden fiction,
micro fiction, short short story,
and quick fiction.
• It is a very concise short story.
• It creates a strong image in your
head while reading.
• It can be as short as a sentence.
• It usually contains 300 to 1,000
 MAIN ELEMENTS OF A SHORT
STORY
• Theme. The central or main topic of the story.
• Characters. The ones who take actions and
give impact to the story.
• Setting. The place, time, weather, and the
mood of the story.
• Plot. The introduction, rising action, climax,
falling action and resolution of the story.
• Conflict. The internal and external problem of
TIPS IN WRITING FLASH
FICTION
• Pick a small topic.
• It should have few characters only
(usually less than three characters only).
• It shouldn't have a fancy introduction.
Start with action.
• Keep readers guessing. Surprise them.
 References:
• Icon Photography School. (2019). What is photojournalism?. Retrieved from
https://photographyicon.com on May 15, 2019.
• Knost, M.. (2019). Writing flash fiction. Retrieved from
https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
• Literary Devices. (2019). Prose. Retrieved from https://literarydevices.net on
May 15, 2019.
• Pelfusion. (2019). Amazing photojournalism worth a thousand words.
Retrieved from https://www.pelfusion.com on May 15, 2019.
• Poetry.org. (2019). What is poetry. Retrieved from https://www.poetry.org on
May 15, 2019.
• Queenvictoria. (2019). Short story and flash fiction. Retrieved from
https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
 References:
• Santosh, K. (2019). How to write to poetry. Retrieved from
https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
• Sleek. (2017). Why protest photography in photojournalism still matters.
Retrieved from https://www.sleek-mag.com on May 15, 2019.
• Spataro, B. (2019). Elements of poetry. Retrieved from
https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
• Web.ku. (2019). Photo captions and cutlines. Retrieved from
https://web.ku.edu on May 15, 2019.
• Wikipedia. (2019). Photojournalism. Retrieved from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org on May 15, 2019.
WORKSHOP IN
PROGRESS…
Prepared by: MERSEL M. BARBA, LPT