Integumentary System

Prepared by:
Lyra May C. Languido
Judith Capoy
Alexander Kenn P. Cabudlan
Let’s Get Energized!
 REVIEW TIME!
1. How many bones does an adult had?
- 206 bones
2. How many bones does a newborn baby had?
- 300 bones
3. What protects the brain? How about the
lungs and heart?
- Skull, ribcage
4. What are the two divisions of our skeletal system?
- axial skeleton, apendecular skeleton

Let’s Start
 Objectives:

• 1.Distinguish and describe how the organs of

the integumentary system work.

• 2. Identify healthful habits that promote

proper functioning of the integumentary
system.
 Vocabulary words:
• Melanin: substance that gives colour to the
skin and hair
• Receptor: structure in the nerve cell that
receive information from the outside
environment
• Keratin: outer layer of epidermal cells that
contain protein
What organ covers your entire body? How does
it protect you? The skin covers the entire body
or parts of our body. Without the skin, our
muscles and other internal organs will be
exposed to outside environment. The skin is
the organ that belongs to the integumentary
system.
Here’s a clip
 The Integumentary System
• The integumentary system acts as a barrier
from the outside environment. It protects the
body from harmful organisms, temperature,
and the other external factors. The
integumentary factors. The integumentary
system consists of the skin, hair, glands, nails,
and nerves.
 The skin has several functions:
• It protects the body’s internal living tissues
and organs.
• It protects the body against microorganisms
and invasion by infectious organisms.
• It protects the body from dehydration and
against abrupt changes in temperature.
• It helps dispose of waste materials.
• It acts as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain,
heat, and cold.
• It stores water and fat.
• It helps in the production of vitamin D.
 Temperature Regulation
• Why do you sweat a lot? In order to regulate body temperature, the
person sweats. As sweat evaporates, it absorbs body heat, thereby cooling
the body.
• What happens to skin when a person gets cold or frightened? Maybe you
notice “goose bumps” in your skin. Goose bumps are caused by
contraction of muscles in the dermis. In other mammals, when these
muscles contract, the hair or fur stands.
 Protection and Senses
• Skin serves as protection from microorganism
and foreign substances. It also helps maintain
body temperature by preventing excessive water
loss. Melanin in the skin protects against
ultraviolet rays. It is also the one that gives colour
to the skin.
• the skin has receptors that perceive information
about the changes in the environment.
Information such pain, heat, pressure, and
temperature changes are relayed to the brain.
Fun Facts:
synthesize-
proactive oil-
Vitamin Production
Capillaries-

• Skin responds to exposure to ultraviolet light

rays from the sun by producing Vitamin D.
Vitamin D increases absorption of calcium into
the bloodstream and is essential for bone
formation.
• The integumentary system works with the digestive system to synthesize and
absorb vitamin D. The digestive system helps in the absorption of dietary fats and
oils, which is needed by the body to be able to make proactive oil for skin and hair.
The integumentary system also works closely with the circulatory system. Certain
substances can enter the bloodstream through the net work of capillaries.
 Structure of the Skin
• The skin is the main of the integumentary
system. Skin is composed of four types of
tissues: epithelial tissues, connective tissues,
muscles tissues, and nerve tissues. Epithelial
tissue covers the body surface, connective
provides support and protection, muscle
tissue are involved in body movement , and
nerve tissue forms body communication
network.
 Epidermis
• The outer layer of the skin is the epidermis . The
outer layer of epidermal cells contains protein called
keratin. Keratin water proofs and protects the cells
and tissues that lie underneath. The inner layer of
the epidermis cells is continually dividing to replace
the cells that die or are lost. Some cells in the inner
layer of the epidermis provide provide protection
from harmful ultraviolet radiation by making pigment
called melanin.
 Dermis
• The dermis is the second layer of the skin. It is directly
beneath the epidermis. The dermis is usually 15 to 40 times
thicker than the epidermis. The dermis consists of connective
tissues that prevent the skin from tearing and enables the skin
to return to its normal state after being stretched. The
elasticity of the skin decreases as people age.
• The dermis contains structures including nerve cells, muscle
fibers, sweat glands, oil glands, and hair follicles. Beneath the
dermis is the subcutaneous layer, a layer of connective tissue
that stores fats and helps the body retain heat.
Acne: an inflamation of the
sebaceous gland
White heads: white small
bumps that usually appear Hair and Nails
in nose

• Hair, toenails, and finger nails are also part of the integumentary
system. Hair and nails contain keratin and develop from epithelial
cells. Hair cells grow out from the narrow cavities in the dermis
called hair follicles. Cells at the base of the follicle divide and push
cells away, causing the hair to grow, so there is no need to worry
about cutting hair. Your hair is constantly growing. Your hair grows
every day. Nutrients like protein, iron, zinc, vitamin E, and biotin
are needed for hair growth.
• The skin is one of the first defense mechanisms in your immune
system. Tiny glands in the skin secrete oils that increase the
function of the skin to protect it against microorganisms. Your skin
has immune cells. These cells provide protection against infections.
It is important to wash your skin twice a day. Use antibacterial
cleanser to remove sweat, excess oil, and bacteria and to help keep
skin pores clean. Washing your skin, especially your face, prevents
acne and blackheads.
 Key Concepts
• The integumentary system acts as a barrier
from the outside environment. It protects the
body from harmful organisms, temperature,
and other external factors. The skin is the
main organ of the integumenary system. It
serves several functions, including regulation
of the body temperature, production of
vitamin D, protection and perception.
 Evaluation Time!
• Explain the differences between the
terms.
1. Dermis and epidermis
2. Keratin and melanin
3. hair follicles and sebaceous glands
 Assignment

• Generalize different ways that

the integumentary system
helps humans to survive.