Community action

model and participatory

research
MARICRIS C. PALLAR
COMMUNITY ACTION MODEL AND
COMMUNITYBASED PARTICIPATORY BASED
RESEARCH
 CAM- is asset based based and builds on the
strengths or capacity of a community.
 Focuses on mobilizing community members and
agencies to change environmental factors that
promote economic and environmental
inequalities.
 An advocacy model that encourages communities
to mobilize themselves to impact public policy ,
thus increasing community social capital.
GOAL OF CAM

 To work in collaboration in collaboration with communities and provide a

framework for community members to acquire the skills and resources to
investigate the health of the place where they live and then plan, implement,
evaluate actions that change the environment to promote and improve
health.
Community Action Model

 Is an interactive five step process designed to address the fundamental

determinants of population health through a community based participatory
process.
 Design to address the social determinants of tobacco-related health
disparities through grassroots efforts focused on policy and organizational
practices and is applicable to other community issues.
STEPS OF CAM

Step1: Dialogue of Concern and Issues/Skill based

training
Step 2: Community Diagnosis
Step 3: Analysis
Step 4: Plan and Implement Action/activity and Step
Step 5: Sustaining Action/Activity and Evaluate
action
Step 1: Dialogue of Concern and Issues
/Skill based training
 Initial step, CHWs, in collaboration with community members and
stakeholders, engage local communities on issues of concern.
 Established community coalition boards(CCBs)
 CHW could work with CCB members themselves.
 Important aspect of Step 1 is community engagement to identify , understand
, and focus actions on specific community concerns and issues.
 Specific training is implemented to equip community members with skills to
identify and describe health concerns or develop skills to fundamentally
impact problems or concern to the local community.
 First step of CAPACITY BUILDING.
Step 2: COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

 In collaboration with academic partners and other stakeholders , the CHW

serves as a unique knowledge base and as a community representative to
better understand the significant disparities in the local community through
qualitative and quantitative data capture.
 CHW is expected to actively participate in the review of multiple sources of
preexisting data related to disease burden, prevention , and health
disparities.
 CHW could also work closely with the academic, social services, or health
agency partner to qualitatively capture perspectives on the community at
large, through focus group discussions, one on one interviews , and
impromptu street level observations and key informant interviews.
Step 3: Analysis

 In addition to data input and analyzes the CHWs, applying a unique

perspective in interpreting the collected data and integrating these findings
into proposed action plans, are crucial to the intervention development
process.
 As important is the role of the CHW as the community advocate in presenting
findings to the broad base od stakeholders and interested parties to make a
compelling case for needed action.
Step 4: Intervention Design

 CHW can provide invaluable expertise to help set specific amenable to change
and identify strategies for change that are culturally relevant, community
acceptable, and more easily implementable.
 Spearheading adoption and implementation of programs to promote
continuous community involvement in selected priority areas.
Step 5: Sustaining Action/Activity and
evaluate action
 Sustainability of identified actions needs community acceptance, the
omnipresent face of the community, and ac champion for change.
 The integration of evaluation into community intervention
conceptualization, planning , and implementation, regular monitoring
of activities likewise necessitate the role of the CHW being
interviewed throughout this repeated cycle of sustaining long term
efforts to address local communities, concerns.
 The CAM shares attributes with the community based participatory
research approach and helps further shape and define CHWs role.
COMMUNITY BASED PARTICIPATORY BASED
RESEARCH
 Is a collaborative process of research involving researchers and community
representatives,
 It engages community members, employs local knowledge in the
understanding of health problems and the design of interventions and invest
community members in the processes and products research.
 Community members are invested in the dissemination and use of research
findings and ultimately in the reduction of health disparities (Agency for
healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ)
CBPR

 Approach and calls for researchers to:

1. Learn the community ecology
2. Establish relationships with community gatekeepers
3. Build credibility before proceeding
4. Develop a CCB
5. Work with CCB to conduct a health needs assessment
6. Collaborate with the board to develop and implement one or more health
promotion interventions.
CHW becomes the liaison to the community for this comprehensive approach to
community level action for desired change.