VERBAL COMMUNICATION

• Interaction in which words are used to

relay a message.
• The use of language to express ideas.
“BASIC CONCEPTS
OF LANGUAGE”
 A. LANGUAGE IS MADE
UP OF SYMBOLS
•Every language contains symbols
or elements which can create
meaning when put together in a
certain way.
 B. LANGUAGE ENABLES
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL
COMMUNICATION
• A speaker uses language to engage in an
internal conversation with him/herself. At
the same time, language also enables the
speaker to talk or respond to others
through oral or written means
 C. LANGUAGE IS GOVERNED
BY RULES
• Lindfors asserts that language is made up of
phonological, syntactic, and semantic
components.
• Adler and Rodman also discuss a fourth
element, the regulative component of
language.
1. PHONOLOGICAL COMPONENT

•The rules for combining sounds

to form words.
2. SYNTACTIC COMPONENT

•Consist of the rules that enable

speakers to combine words
meaningfully to form sentences.
• “How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.”

• “Let me how thee? Count ways love the I do.”

3. SEMANTIC COMPONENT
•Governs how meaning is conveyed in a
language.
•It goes beyond the literal interpretation of
words, and uses the shared culture to
carry the meaning successfully.
4. REGULATIVE COMPONENT

•How a message is interpreted

appropriately in a given context.
 D. LANGUAGE IS BASED ON
SOCIAL CONVENTION
• The meaning of words in a language is based
on social convention or the agreement of the
community who speaks the same language
 E. LANGUAGE CAN BE
LEARNED
• People can learn various languages through
formal education, immersion, migration, and
other ways.
 F. LANGUAGE EVOLVES
• People can learn various languages through
formal education, immersion, migration, and
other ways.
 DIALECTS
•Different versions of the same
language
 G. PEOPLE, NOT WORDS,
CREATE MEANING
• Meaning of words depend on how people
interpret and process them.
 THINGS TO CONSIDER:

• Appropriateness
• Brevity
• Clarity
• Ethics
• Vividness
 TYPE VOCAL
Verbal communication Spoken words
Non-Verbal communication Sighs, screams, laughs, fillers,
vocal qualities and features
(tone, loudness, pitch, speed
and pacing)
NON-VOCAL
Written words
*bodily motions
*facial expressions, eye
contact, gestures, postures
*touch
*use of space and time
*personal appearance
 NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
• A process of generating meaning using
behavior other than words.
• Sending and receiving messages in a
variety of ways without the use of verbal
codes.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
A. NON-VERBAL CUES SHOW INTERACTION
AMONG PEOPLE

• Even if a person does not understand the

language spoken around him/her, he/she can
still interact and communicate what he/she
wants to convey.
 B. NON-VERBAL CUES SUGGEST HOW
PEOPLE FEEL

C. NON-VERBAL CUES PROVIDE CLUES, NOT

FACTS
FUNCTIONS OF NON-
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
 COMPLEMENTING

•Non-verbal behavior complements

the verbal message to express
meaning
 CONTRADICTING

•Non-verbal communication is
sometimes used to oppose the
meaning of the verbal message.
 ACCENTING

•Non-verbal cues can help emphasize

oral messages.
 SUBSTITUTING

•Non-verbal communication is also

used to express something without
saying anything verbally.
 REGULATING

•Non-verbal cues can also be used to

control the flow of verbal
communication.
 REPEATING

•Repeated non-verbal cues have

specific meanings.
 TYPES OF NON-
VERBAL SYMBOLS
A. KINESICS (BODILY MOTIONS)
• The study of body language as a form of non-
verbal communication.
• Body language includes eye contact, facial
expressions, gestures, and postures.
1. EYE CONTACT/OCULESICS

•Maintaining eye contact signifies that

you pay attention to the conversation.
 2. FACIAL EXPRESSION
•The manner in which the facial muscles
are set to indicate feelings, emotion, or
attitudes.
•You can always choose which
expression you can show or hide.
 3. GESTURES
•It refers to any purposive movement
of fingers, arms, hands, head or
shoulders to emphasize or suggest
something.
 4. POSTURE
•Your posture also conveys a message
to your listener.
B. PARALANGUAGE (USE OF
VOICE)
• Refers to the non-verbal sounds accompanying
oral language. These elements can help shape
the meaning of the message or completely
change it.
 1. TONE (VOCAL QUALITY)

• It is the distinct sound of one’s voice

 2. SPEED

• Rate of speech or how fast you are talking

 3. PITCH

• Refers to the highness and lowness of

voice.
 4. VOLUME

• Refers to the loudness or softness of voice.

“This is so beautiful. I love it so
much”
C. HAPTICS (USE OF TOUCH)
• The study of how touch is used to deliver a message.
• Heslin and Harper classify touch into 5 categories
according to function: functional/professional touch,
social/polite touch, friendly/warm touch,
love/.intimate touch and sexual touch.
D. PROXEMICS (USE OF SPACE)
• Refers to the way people use space to convey
meaning.
• This includes permanent structures, movable
objects within space and informal space.
 1. PERMANENT STRUCTURE

•Refers to immovable places in which

we live or work in.
 2. MOVABLE OBJECTS

•The types of objects and their

arrangement in a room depend on
the intended message.
 3. INFORMAL SPACE

•A person’s invisible comfort zone, an

intimate space around him/her at any
given time.
E. PERSONAL APPEARANCE
• A person’s appearance depends on his/her age,
gender, race, educational attainment, and
profession. The way you dress and groom also
communicates your social and cultural roles and
personal qualities.
1. Clothes
2. Hairstyles
3. Accessories
4. Tattoos
F. LANGUAGE OF CHRONEMICS
(TIME)
• Refers to the use of time that communicates a message.
1. DURATION- the length of time devoted to an activity
or learning task in the classroom.
2. ACTIVITY- the learning task facilitated in the
classroom.
3. PUNCTUALITY- the exact time agreed upon.
 G. LANGUAGE OF COLOR
• There are some color effects that have universal
meaning.
MEANING OF COLORS
1. Red- anger and hostility 7. Gold- wealth
2. Pink- love, beauty 8. Green- life
3. Yellow- wisdom, joy, happiness 9.White- purity, cleanliness
4. Violet- royalty
5. Black- death
6. Blue- peace, calm, sadness, truth
 IMPORTANCE OF MASTERY OF NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
1. It enhances and emphasizes the message of your speech, thus making it more meaningful, truthful,
and relevant.
2. It can communicate feelings, attitudes, and perceptions without saying a word.
3. It can sustain the attention of listeners and keep them engaged in the speech.
4. It gives the audience a preview to the type of speaker you are.
5. It makes you appear more dynamic and animated in your delivery.
6. It serves as a channel to release tension and nervousness.
7. It helps make your speech more dramatic.
8. It can build a connection with listeners.
9. It makes you a credible speaker.
10. It helps you vary your speaking style and avoid a monotonous delivery.