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The Practitioner’s
Engagements
(AT.2501)
Leomar R. Cabarles
Responsible Subject Intended
Party Matter Users
?
Criteria
Demand for Assurance Engagements
• Remoteness of users
• Risk management—reduce
information risk Enhanced
QUALITY of
• Reduce cost of capital
subject matter
Responsible Subject Intended
Party Matter Users
Evaluation or
? Conclusion that
enhances
measurement confidence
Criteria
Practitioner
Types of Assurance Engagements
1 Level of assurance
2 Structure
Level of Assurance Engagements
Level of Assurance and Engagement Risk
Limitations of Assurance Engagements
• Selective testing
• Judgment
• Inherent limitations of
internal control
• Persuasive evidence rather
than conclusive
• Characteristics of subject
matter
Level of Assurance Engagements
1 Level of assurance
2 Structure
Structure of Assurance Engagements
3. Criteria (suitable)
4. Evidence (sufficient
appropriate) CREST
Accountability Assurance
Responsible
Practitioner
Party
Assertions
(Attestation)
Subject Matter
• Financial
• Non-financial
• Physical characteristics
• Systems/processes
• Behavior
Criteria
• Benchmark against
subject matter
• To be suitable:
Relevant
Complete
Reliable
Neutral
Understandable
Evidence
• Basis of
opinion/conclusion
Written Assurance Report
• Conveys assurance
Non-assurance Engagements
• Agreed-upon procedures
• Compilations
• Tax (when no assurance conveyed)
• Consulting/advisory
• Testifying in legal proceedings
• Professional opinion not intended as an
assurance report
• Practitioner’s
engagements
• Assurance engagement:
Nature
Demand
Types
Limitations
Elements
• Non-assurance
engagements
-now do the DIY drill-
DIY Drill Answers
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. D
DIY Drill Answers
6. D
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. D
end of AT.2501