By:

Kashan Baig

CIRCULATION
CIRCULATION: What are the three Cs?

1 – Check For Bleeding

2 – Check For Pulse

3 – Compressions
Check for Bleeding
INSPECT THE WHOLE BODY TO CHECK FOR ANY BLEEDS.

•On the Floor & Four More. (intrathoracic, intraperitoneal,

retroperitoneal, pelvis/thigh)

•Apply pressure with your hand on the site of the bleed for
one minute.

•If the bleeding does not stop, tie a bandage/cloth over

the site to apply pressure.
 Elevate the limbs (if wound is present there).

 After applying pressure, or if there is no bleeding, continue

with step 2, that is, checking the pulse.

 Do not tie a tourniquet because it can lead to a gangrene.

 Never remove the first bandage on the site of bleed, because

blood starts clotting around it.
Why do we check for
bleeding?

IF THERE IS ANY BLEEDING, AND WE PROCEED WITH THE

COMPRESSIONS WITHOUT STOPPING THE BLEED, THE BLEEDING
SHALL EXACERBATE AND THE PERSON WOULD BLEED OUT AND
GO INTO A HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK.
 Check For Pulse
• In order to determine if the
victim's heart is beating, place two
fingertips on his carotid artery,
located in the depression between
the windpipe and the neck
muscles.

• Another method to locate the

carotid artery is to move and press
the area 2cm lateral from the
trachea.

• Apply slight pressure for 5 to 10

seconds.
 DO NOT…
 Start compressions if ANY
pulse is felt, even if it is very
weak.

 Press both the carotids

simultaneously.
 COMPRESSIONS

Start compressions if NO pulse is felt.

 Hand Placement
 Place heal of one hand in the centre of chest.
 Interlock fingers of the other hand.
 Lean forward so your shoulders are over your hands.
 Press straight down without bending the elbows.
 Push down at least 2 inches.
 Compress 30 times, at a rate of more than 100 times per
minute.
THE 2 PERPENDICULARS!
 Make sure your arms and
forearms are straight and are
at right angles to the victims
chest.

 Make sure your thighs are

strictly perpendicular to the
ground.
Compressions
continued…
 Give the heart time to recoil between each compression.
 Callout the compression count so that you are corrected by
the mob if mistaken.
 Give 2 breaths after each 30 compressions and do this until 5
cycles are completed.
 Assess the carotid pulse.

QUESTION: Why do we maintain the rate of compressions over

100 beats per minute?
When to stop CPR?

 You see an obvious sign of life, such as breathing,

OR a pulse is felt.
 Another trained responder or EMS personnel take
over.
 You are too exhausted to continue.
 The scene becomes unsafe.
 An ambulance/Paramedics have arrived.
 It has been 30-40 minutes past the beginning of
CPR and there are no signs of revival.
 Infant CPR
 Infant CPR is administered to any victim under the age of 12 months.
 Tilt the baby’s head and lift the
chin.
 Give 5 rescue breaths.
 Place 2 fingers between the
imaginary line between the nipples
and start compressions, each ½ inch deep.

 Maintaining a rate of 100/min,

give 30 compressions, each cycle ending with 2 rescue breaths.
 Complete 5 cycles, check for carotid and start again if pulse is
absent.
HAPPY LIFE SAVING!