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DOWNSTREAM
PROCESSING
“Membrane SeparationProcess”
DRIVING FORCES
• Pressure difference
• Temperature difference
• Concentration difference
• Voltage difference PTT 302/4 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING
SEM 1 (2013/2014)
TYPESOFRESISTANCEIN PRESSURE-
DRIVEN SEPARATION
DISADVANTAGES
• Fouling
• Service periods
•Nanofiltration (NF)
Concentration of organic components by removal
of part of monovalent ions like sodium and chlorine
(partial demineralisation)
•Ultrafiltration (UF)
Concentration of large and macro molecules
•Microfiltration (MF)
Removal of bacteria, separation of
macromolecules PTT 302/4 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING
SEM 1 (2013/2014)
Purification
REVERSEOSMOSIS
•If pressure greater than the osmotic
pressure is applied to the high
concentration the direction of waterflow
through the membrane can bereversed.
Fouling
Formation of deposits
Irreversibly affected by operation parameters