Design Of Refrigeration System

Using LPG As Working Fluid

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Presentation By

 1657003 Naveen Kumar Ojha

 1657017 Anshu Kumar
 1657035 Kundan Kumar
 1657038 Ankit Kumar
 1657041 Devansh
 1657072 Md Tausif
 1657158 Subham Nandi
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Contents
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Working Principle
4. Components
5. Properties of LPG
6. Advantages and Disadvantages
7. Conclusion
 ABSTRACT
 LPG comprises of 24.4% Propane(C3H8)(R-290), 56.4% Butane(C4H10)(R-600)
and 17.2% Isobutane which have very low boiling point.

 The LPG is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature and

doesn’t have any Ozone Depletion Potential(ODP).

 The combustion products of LPG are CO2 and H2O. The evaporator temperature
reaches nearly -10 oc.

 No Compressor required for working with LPG as refrigerant as the gas is

already compressed.

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 INTRODUCTION
 The climate change and global warming demands accessible and affordable
cooling systems in the form of refrigerators.

 80% of the domestic refrigerators uses HFC(134a) as refrigerant due to its

excellent properties.

 But, HFC(134a) has a high Global Warming Potential(GWP) of 1300.

 The use of LPG as a replacement has made a better progress since it has no ODP.

 It works on the principle that the expansion of LPG will cause gas pressure
drops and the volume of gas will increase which would result into dropping of
temperature of gas and it will act as refrigerant.

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 WORKING PRINCIPLE
 The LPG Refrigerator works on the Simple Vapour Compression Refrigeration
system.

 The basic idea behind LPG refrigeration is to use the evaporation of a LPG to
absorb heat.

 It works on the principle that during the extraction of heat from LPG, there is
a pressure drop and increase in volume of LPG that results in the drop of
temperature and a cooling effect occurs.

 After that the low pressure LPG from evaporator can be used for further
application and there would be no wastage of energy source.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF LPG REFRIGERATION

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 COMPONENTS
 LPG Gas Cylinder:

From the LPG gas cylinder, LPG flows through

the pipe and reaches to the capillary tube.
The gas pressure is approximate 12-18 bar.

Capillary Tube:

As the capillary tube, capillary tube downs the

pressure up to less than 1.4 bar

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 Evaporator:

 The evaporator is an important part

of the refrigeration system, which
produces the cooling effect in the vapour
form at low pressure and temperature.

Pressure Gauges:

 The gauge cooling, also known as gauge

meter Freon pressure, is used to measure
pressure in refrigeration and freezing

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 High Pressure pipes:

 The range of high pressure pipes covers

most application where there is a
requirement to transfer gas at high
pressure. They consist of a steel pipe
with a steel ball fitted to both ends.

 All pipes needed should be pressure

tested to 100 MPa(200 psi) over
recommended working pressure

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 PROPERTIES OF LPG REFRIGERANT
Boiling Point: LPG’s boiling point ranges from -42 ºC to 0 ºC depending
on its mixture percentage of Butane and Propane

Combustion: The combustion of LPG produces carbon dioxide(CO2) and

water vapour but sufficient air must be available.

Ignition Temperature: The temperature required to ignite LPG in air is

around 500ºC.

Calorific Value: The calorific value of LPG is about 2.5 times higher than
that of main gas so more heat is produced from the same
volume of gas

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Vapor pressure: The pressure inside a closed container in which LPG is
stored is equal to the vapor pressure of the liquid and
corresponds to its temperature.

Toxicity: LPG is a colorless, odorless and nontoxic gas. It is supplied

commercially with an added odorant to assist detection .

Safety: LPG is just as safe as any other fuel. In fact, it is safer than most
fuels because neither LPG itself nor the end products that are
produced by burning LPG in a suitable appliance are poisonous to
inhale.

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 Blocking occurs in capillary tube and the evaporator

becomes starved. The suction pressure drops and
less refrigerating effect takes place. Use of LPG
ADVANTAGES eliminates the blocking problem.

 Low Weight.

 The Fridge works when electricity is off. It is

efficient in saving fuel.

 No Pollution

 Running cost is zero.

 Eliminates the compressor and condenser.

 Noiseless
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 LPG is explosive in nature.

 Difficulty in maintaining constant pressure in LPG
DISADVANTAGES cylinder.

 After the refrigeration processes, the exhaust of LPG is

burnt into burner. Because of the exhausted
vapour LPG can not be converted again into liquid
phase, because of this, the process is very costly.

 The prevention of leakage of the LPG is the major

problem in LPG refrigeration system as LPG is
highly flammable.
 CONCLUSION
 The aim of this is to use LPG as a refrigerant and utilizing the energy of the
high pressure LPG cylinder for producing the refrigerating effect. We
also conclude that, we would be trying to burn the exhaust LPG, the
pressure of exhaust gas is less than 10 PSI, so that the flame produce
by the burner is spreading outside.

 This system most suitable for hotel, industries, refinery, chemical industries
where consumption of LPG is very high.

 We would be continuing this project with some fabrication work and we have
to collect various equipment’s which is required for this project like
high pressure pipes, regulator valve, and capillary tube.

 We are going to analyse the experimental details of LPG refrigerator, in the

major project.
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Thanks!
Any questions?

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