Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
70
60 Nation
50
40 African
30 American
20 Hispanic
10
18-20
0
1924
1932
1940
1948
1956
1964
1972
1980
1988
1996
Internet Usage Penetration:
Digital Divide
60
50
40 18-25
30 Nation
20 Black
Hispanic
10
0
1998 2000
Who are Nonvoters?
1996 & 2000
• 100 million Americans
• Young and poor
• Doppelt/Shearer: Doers, Unpluggeds, Irritables,
Don’t knows, Alienateds, Can’t votes
10
Media Index
8
2002
6 2001
2000
4
0 20 40 60 80
Voter Turnout
OR Theoretical Media Index/Voter
Turnout
10
Media Index
8
2002
6 2001
2000
4
0 50 100
Voter Turnout
Timeline for Online Voting
Spring
• NSF, IPI report and recommendations
• White House report
• California will certify its first Internet voting
system
• Arizona Democratic Primary case heard
• Annenberg Internet and politics conference
Fall
• Expect first Internet public election
Questions Raised
• What is the impact of entering a private space to vote for
public purposes?
• How do we protect the public’s role – poll volunteers,
inspection?
• If voter turnout is an important goal, why not make
elections compulsory or offer economic incentives?
• Is Internet voting only one part of Internet reforms in
politics?
• At what point do the benefits of Internet voting outweigh
the risks?
• If we encourage young voters now with Internet voting
will they remain voters?
“…the use of new communications technology for old or
new purposes…[and] all other possibilities for the exchange
of social meaning, are always introduced into a pattern of
tension created by the coexistence of old and new…”
--Professor Carolyn Marvin
When Old Technologies Were New