CHAPTER 4

“THEDAWNOFFILIPINO
NATIONALISM”
 UNIFICATION OF THEPHILIPPINES
UNDER SPANISH RULE

The reduccion plan of Fr. Juan de Plasencia was

implemented.
Natives should live in the area near the church.
Filipinos was transformed into “little brown
Spaniards”
Ear l y Resi st ance t o Spani sh Rul e

 Integration into Spanish Empire resulted

into the implementation of:
 Taxation without representation
 Polo y servicio
 Galleon trade
 Indulto decomercio
 Monopoly ingovernment
 “ THE DESI RE TO REGAI N
THEI R LOSTFREEDOM”
 Raha Sulayman and Lakan Dula

 Malong
1574-1843
Tondo Conspiracy

 Dagohoy
 Diego Silang
 Palaris
 RESISTANCE TO SPANISH IMPOSED INSTITUTION
 Magalat
 Irrayas
 Cagayan
 Sumoroy
 Maniago
 AGRARIAN UNREST - BATS,LAG.CAV.PAMPANGGA &
BULACAN
 DESIRE TO REVERTTOTHEIR NATIVE RELIGION
 Igorot
 Tamblot
 Lanab andAlababan
 Tapar
 Francisco Rivera
 Hermano Pule
 Muslims in Southern Philippines
The Emergence o f F i l i p i n o
Sense o f Nationhood
 Opening of the Philippines to the world
commerce
 Rise of clase media
 Liberal regime of Carlos Ma. delaTorre
 Racial discrimination
 Secularization controversy
 Cavite Mutinyof 1872
The opening to world trade
Jean Jacques Rousseau’s Social
Contract Theory: People give up
sovereignty to a government or
other authority in order to receive
or maintain social order through
the rule of law.

John Locke’s Theory of Revolution: People

could overthrow the government that is not
working for the governed.
RISE OF CLASE MEDIA

Rise of principalias, spanish

Mestizos a.k.a. the ruling elites
 Liberal Regime o f
Car l os Ma. del a Tor r e

 The fall of Queen Isabella RESULTED to Dela

Torre’s appointment as chief executive.
 Freedom of speech and of the press as
guaranteed by the Spanish Constitution WERE
RECOGNIZED.
 Fr. Burgos (of Gomburza) worked for
Filipinization of parishes throughout the
country. (LibertySerenade)
 1870 – replaced by Rafael de Izquierdo
Racial discrimination
“Indios”
 Si Tandang Basyong Macunat of Fray Miguel
de Bustamante portrayed Filipino with low
mental ability, incapable of acquiring
European education and fitted only to work
in the field and tend a carabao.
 Spaniards and Filipinos = two separate,
distinct peoples!
SECULARIZATION CONTROVERSY
CAVITE MUTINY 1872 GomBurZa

Filipino soldiers in the

arsenal of Cavite
under the leadership
of Sgt. La Madrid
YOUNG JOSE RIZAL
Affectedhis “…At the sight of those
choiceOf injustices and cruelties, while
profession still a child, my imagination
was awakened and I swore to
devotemyselftoavengeone day
somany victims, and with this
idea in mind I have been
studyingandthiscanberead in
allmyworksandwritings.”
–RizaltoPonce,1889