Handi Suyono

handi@ukwms.ac.id
handisuyonodr@gmail.com

FACULTY OF MEDICINE
WIDYA MANDALA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
SURABAYA
 GUYTON & HALL. TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL
PHYSIOLOGY.
 WILLIAM F. GANONG. REVIEW OF MEDICAL
PHYSIOLOGY.
 ETC.
 Able to explain normal function of cell,
tissue, organ, organ system in human

 Able to analyze the interaction of parts of

human body

 Able to explain the function change in

human body in order to adaptation
 Breath
 Walk
 See
 Hear, Listen
 Feel
 Cry
 Eat / Drink
 Sleep
 Learn
 Angry
 Study the normal function of living organism →
combination of biology, physic, chemistry
 Biomolecules → cell → tissue → organ → organ
system → organism
 Related to anatomy (structure)
 Human, animal, plant physiology
 Understanding of Normal → Understanding of
Abnormal
 The foundation for:
 Pathophysiology
 Pharmacology
 Immunology
 Biochemistry
 Microbiology
 Organ system:
 Structure-related
Nerve system
Physical / exercise / sport
 Activity-related Special sense system
Sleep
Musculoskeletal system
 Age-related FetusSexual, Pregnancy system
Cardiovascular Organ:
Newborn (neonates),
Occupational Infant
Respiration(aerospace,
system underwater/diving)
Gaster (stomach)
ChildhoodBlood Intestine
Adolescent/Puberty
Digestive system Liver (Hepar)
AdulthoodUrinary system Pancreas
Elderly, Endocrine
Aging system etc.
Reproduction system

Tissue:
Cell:
Epithelial
Parietal cell (HCl)
Connective
Fibroblast (collagen)
etc.
 Anatomy & Histology → structure determine
function
 Material link / relationship → integration
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Benjamin Cummings.
 Integumentary System
Respiratory
system
Nervous
system

Circulatory
system

Endocrine
system

Digestive
system

Musculoskeletal
system
Urinary
system

Reproductive
system
 Organization
 Homeostasis & Controls
 Biological Energy
 Structure Function Relationships
 Communication
 Homeostasis
 Homeodynamic
 Circadian rhythms
 Biological clock
 Themaintenance of physiological parameters
within the body/cell
 “homeo” = similar or like
 “stasis” = condition or state

Mechanism:
 Feedback(negative)
 ANTAGONISTIC (PRO vs ANTI, HYPO vs
HYPER)

13
 Components
 Receptor
 Monitors the controlled condition
 Creates input signal
 Control center
 Processes input signal
 Makes decision
 Creates output signal
 Effector
 Returns controlled condition to normal state in one of two ways

input signal control output signal

receptor effector
center
15
16
 MAINTAIN NORMAL POINT / RANGE (set point)
 REVERSE TO NORMAL CONDITION
 PRODUCE OPOSITE CHANGE ( ANTAGONIS)

17
INSULIN HORMONE : DECREASE BLOOD SUGAR (GLUCOSE) LEVEL

18
BLOOD SUGAR
CONTROL

19
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Benjamin Cummings.
 EFFECTOR ENHANCES RESPONSE
 SAME DIRECTION (PROTAGONIS)
 EXAMPLE :
 Labor
(Delivery):
Oxytocin hormone:
○ Increase continously & progressively
uterus contraction
○ Increase breastfeeding / lactation (milk
production)

22
 Functional unit in
Process: homeostasis

external internal
change change

change results in disruption

of homeostasis

compensation for change is

attempted (feedback processes)

compensation fails compensation succeeds

illness/disease Wellness/health
 What is the Biological Energy Currency?
 Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

 Why?

 How is it made?

Learn much in Biochemistry

 Major theme in physiology
 Forms
 Electrical
 Chemical
 Between
 Cell/cells
 Tissues
 Organs…
 Communication allows for the integration of
physiology!

Next: Learn in cell physiology

 vs Homeostasis
 balance, to maintain adaptation
 e.g. Normal Hb (reference) = 14 g/dL
Hb = 10 g/dL, in chronic / carrier malaria
patient → normal condition for him/her

Normal blood pressure (reference) = 120/80

mmHg
Blood pressure = 150/90 mmHg, in
hypertension patient → comfort → blood
pressure = 120/70 mmHg, discomfort
 Cycle in daily life (yin yang)
 Sleep-wake, hormonal change
 Part of homeostasis
 Still
need exploration
 Genes : inactive – active state
 Fetus → growth & develop → labor
 Childhood → Puberty
 Aging: menopause, andropause
Pekerjaan yang berat terasa semakin
ringan bila dikerjakan bersama-sama

Pekerjaan yang berat terasa paling

ringan bila tidak dikerjakan

29
30