Synopsis:

The Philippine Administrative

and Legal System
Presented by:

BREN BERNARD D. PABLO

07 September 2020
Outline of Topics:
• Laws and Policies Governing Public
Employees
• Risks and Opportunities of Philippine
Bureaucracy
 Laws R.A. 6713 EXECUTIVE ORDER
NO. 292
"Code of Conduct and Ethical

Governing Standards for Public Officials and

Employees."
"Administrative Code of 1987”

Public
1987 CONSTITUTION P.D. 1445
Employees Government Auditing Code of the
Philippines
 1 987 CONSTITUTION
Laws Law of the Land
Governing
Public
Employees
 Administrative Code of
1987
Laws Lays down the basic policies and the
systems and procedures by which the
Governing organization and operation of the
bureaucracy are to be based, including the
Public personnel administration aspect.

Employees
 Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials
and Employees
Laws
To promote a high standard of ethics in
Governing public service. Public officials and employees
shall at all times be accountable to the
people and shall discharge their duties with
Public utmost responsibility, integrity, competence
and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice,
Employees lead modest lives, and uphold public interest
over personal interests.
 Government Auditing Code of
the Philippines
Laws
All resources of the government shall be
Governing managed, expended or utilized
accordance with the law and regulations, and
in
safeguarded against loss or wastage through
Public illegal or improper disposition, with a view to
ensuring efficiency, economy and
Employees effectiveness
government.
in the operations of
 Laws Laws against
Governing
Public corrupt practices of
Employees public officers
 What are the RISKS
and OPPORTUNITIES?
Oligarchism is the practice of devoting functions of the
state to serve private interests.

Our country has continuously suffered to this system

aggressively practiced by the business-driven
politicians .
This system has been observed since:
• American Colonial Rule
• Continued during the Marcos Regime through
corrupt practices by Mr. and Mrs. Marcos and his
cronies.
• Ironically existed through Aquino’s term until today.

This game of business politics still continues under

lumpsum funds released to legislators .
The bureaucracy is typically composed of family by
affinity and consanguinity

Within such setup, they are pressured to help each

other in variety of ways.
The Administrative Code of 1987
prohibits nepotic appointments or those
made in favor of a relative of the
appointing or recommending authority.

Under Section 79 of the Local

Government Code of 1991 also
prohibits such acts within the 4 th degree
of consanguinity and affinity.
Services and positions (personnel) have been
subjected to nepotism and other acts that uses
absolute authority to influence processes and
decisions.
Excessive support and devotion of the people
(commonly referred to as “fanaticism”) to a certain
public official/politicians often leads them to turn a
“blind eye” to the atrocities committed by the latter.

False pronouncements or political promises are also

used as means to “blind” every member of the
community.
Spite the vulnerability of the Philippine Bureaucracy,
its inherent function of nation and society building will
present itself as tool for innovation.
Article III (Bill of Rights), Section 4 of the 1987
Constitution provides that “No law shall be passed
abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of
the press, or the right of the people peaceably to
assemble and petition the government for redress of
grievances”.
The constitutional right of “Freedom of Expression” can
serve as a platform to express the sentiments over the
failures of a bureaucratic system.
Official Gazette
Rappler.com
Civil Service Commission