Subject Title

MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW

1
 Teaching and Examination Scheme
Paper Code: 17601 Subject Code: MAN

Teaching Scheme

TH TU PR Paper TH Test PR OR TW TOTAL

Hrs
(online)

03 -- -- 1&½ 50#* -- -- -- -- 100

2
 Management
Sr. No. Topic Particulars
1 Overview of Business Types of Business, Industrial Sectors, Globalization, I.P.R

2 Management Process What is Management? Scientific Management by

F.W.Taylor, Principles of Management (14 principles
of Henry Fayol), Functions of Management

Organizational Organization, Types of Organization,

3 Management Departmentation
Forms of Ownership

Human Resource Personnel Management, Staffing, Training &

4 Management Development, Leadership and Motivation, Safety
Management, Introduction to Industrial Act

5 Financial Management Financial Management, Capital Management,

Budgets & Accounts, Introduction to Taxes

6 Materials Management Inventory Management, ABC Analysis, EOQ, Purchase

Process, Modern Methods of Materials Management

7 Quality Management Meaning of Quality; TQM; Modern Technique &

Systems of Quality Management; ISO 9001:2000
Overview of Business 6
 Business in India
• Over the years agriculture has been the major source of
livelihood of the Indian population.
• During post independence there was restrictive growth of
private sector and government's permission was required to set
up any private enterprise in India.
• Despite this the GDP grew at a rate of 1.4% p.a. from 1940 -
1970.
• Post 1980’s India saw liberalization and achieved further
impetus in Mid-1991. The nation witnessed historical upsurge
in per capita GNP.
• In 1994-95 the industrial output growth registered 8.4% growth
and the exports rose by 27%. This resulted in a 10% drop in
inflation in the mid-1990s.
Overview of Business 7
 Business in India
• Since its liberalization policy, India has opened several
public sector enterprises. The exports saw a 17% rise in
1994 and 28% in 1995-96.
• National Income is the value of all goods and services
produced in a country during a particular year.
• National Income is expressed in terms of Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) or Gross National Product (GNP).
• Thus GDP is the value of all goods and services produced
in a country during a particular year.
• GNP is equal to GDP plus net income from abroad.

Overview of Business 8
 Business in India
• The major types of Business in India are:
– Service, Manufacturing and Trade.
• The industrial sectors in India has been classified according to
the economy into three main sectors as follows:
– Primary Sector (includes agriculture, forestry, fishing and
mining.)
– Secondary Sector (includes manufacturing, construction,
electricity, gas and water supply.)
– Tertiary Sector (includes trade, hotel, transport,
communication, financing, insurance, services, public
administration, defence and other services.)
Overview of Business 9
 Business Sector in India
• Business in India are classified broadly in two ways: Industrial Sector and
Service Sector. One of the most common focus of a business is to generate
profit
• Industrial Sectors are:
– Textile Sector:
It has been one of the main sources of income for the Indian economy
through export. It is one of the largest employment generating
industries of the Indian economy, just after agriculture.
– Engineering Sector:
This sector concern themselves with different areas of engineering
work. Although an engineer is trained in a specific discipline, but
throughout an engineer's career, he may become multi-disciplined.
– Agriculture and Mining Sector:
It is concerned with production of raw material, such as plants or
minerals.

Overview of Business 10
 Business Sector in India
• Services Sector deals in “intangible goods.”
• It involves distribution, transport and sale of goods or services
from producer to consumer. The service sector also includes the
supply of a service like entertainment and cleaning services.
• Organizations ranging from house decorators to consulting firms
to restaurants and even to entertainers are types of service
business. For example, a restaurant cooks the food before serving
it to customers.
• Service Sector are may be classified as:
– Financial Sector:
It include banks and other companies that generate profit through
investment and management of capital.
Overview of Business 11
 Business Sector in India
– Manufacturers produce products from raw materials or component
parts, which they then sell at a profit. Companies that make
physical goods such as cars or pipes are manufacturers.
– Retailers and Distributors act as middle men in getting goods
produced by manufacturers to the consumer, generates profit as a
result of providing sales or distribution services. Most consumer-
oriented stores and companies are distributors or retailers as seen in
Franchising.
– Real Estate businesses generate profit from the selling, renting, and
development of properties, homes, and buildings.
– Transportation businesses deliver goods and individuals from
location to location, generating a profit on the transportation costs.
– Utilities produce public services, such as heat, electricity, or sewage
treatment, and are usually government chartered.

Overview of Business 12
Overview of Business 13
 Engineering Industry
• Engineering, is a broad discipline which is often broken down
into several sub-disciplines.
• These disciplines concern themselves with different areas of
engineering work.
• Although initially an engineer will be trained in a specific
discipline, throughout an engineer's career, the engineer may
become multi-disciplined, having worked in several of the
outlined areas.
• Historically the main Industries of Engineering are categorized
as Heavy, Electrical, Machine Tools, IT, Industrial Electronics,
Tele-communication , Aerospace, Chemical, Construction,
Mechanical and so on.
Overview of Business 14
 Engineering Industry
• Heavy Industry
– Heavy Engineering Industry is one of the largest segments of Industrial
production.
– It occupies a whole range of industries such as Heavy Electricity
Machinery, Turbines, Generators, Transformers, Switchgears, Textile
Machinery etc.
• Electrical Industry
– In India, the entire range of circuit breakers from bulk oil, minimum oil,
air blast, vacuum are manufactured to standard specification for the benefit
of customers.
– Switchgear and control gear, MCBs, air circuit breakers, switches,
rewireable fuses and HRC fuses with their respective fuse bases, holders
and starters are produced to customer specifications as well as to standard
specifications.
– Motor control systems based on microprocessor and computer control are
also available for power stations, load dispatch centers, major receiving
centers and industrial complexes.

Overview of Business 15
 Engineering Industry
• Machine Tools Industry
– Tools Industry is the backbone of the entire industrial
engineering sector, it is today in a position to export
general purpose and a standard machine tool to even
industrially advanced countries.
– During the last four decades, the machine tool industry in
India has established a sound base and there are around
125 machine tool manufactures in organized sector and
around 300 units in the small sector.

Overview of Business 16
 Engineering Industry
• Heavy Electrical Industry
– Among the Third World countries, India is major exporter of
heavy and light engineering goods.

– Construction machinery, equipment for irrigation projects,

diesel engines, tractors, and transport vehicles, cotton textile
sugar mill machinery and electrical equipment such as motors,
transformers, switchgears etc., are manufactured in India.

– Some major areas where these are used are the multi-crore
projections for power generation including nuclear power
stations, petrochemical complexes, chemical plants, integrated
steel plants, non-ferrous metal units and etc.
Overview of Business 17
 Engineering Industry
• Heavy Electrical Industry
– The Heavy Electrical Industry is capable of manufacturing
transmission and distribution equipment upto 400 KV AC and
high voltage DC.
– BHEL is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise
in India in the energy related/infrastructure sector today. It has
been earning profits continually since 1971-72.
– BHEL manufactures over 180 products under 30 major product
groups and caters to core sectors of the Indian Economy viz.
Power generation & transmission, industry transportation,
telecommunication, renewable energy etc.

Overview of Business 18
 Engineering Industry
• Petroleum Industry
– Petroleum industry started its operations in the year 1867
and is considered as the oldest Indian industry.
– India is one of the most flourishing oil markets in the world
and in the last few decades has witnessed the expansion of
top national companies like ONGC, HPCL, BPCL and
IOC.
– In accordance with the ongoing process of liberalization,
the industry has been thrown open for private sector in all
the major areas of exploration, production, refining and
marketing, resulting in increased demand for the oil field
and related equipment.
Overview of Business 19
 Textile Industry
• India textile industry largely depends upon the textile
manufacturing and export.
• It also plays a major role in the economy of the
country.
• India earns about 27% of its total foreign exchange
through textile exports.
• The textile industry of India contributes nearly 14%
of the total industrial production of the country and it
also contributes around 3% to the GDP of the
country.

Overview of Business 20
 Textile Industry
• India textile industry is also the largest in the country in terms of
employment generation.
• India textile industry currently generates employment to more than 35
million people.
• It is also estimated that, the industry will generate 15 million new
jobs by the year 2015.
• Indian textile industry can be divided into several segments, some
of which can be listed as below:
– Cotton Textiles
– Silk Textiles
– Woolen Textiles
– Readymade Garments
– Hand-crafted Textiles
– Jute and Coir

Overview of Business 21
 Chemical Industry
• Indian Chemical industry generates around 70,000
commercial goods ranging from plastic to toiletries and
pesticides to beauty products.
• It is regarded as the oldest domestic sector in India and in
terms of volume it gives a sense of pride to India by
featuring as the 12 largest producer of chemicals.
• It amounts to 12.5% of the entire industrial output of
India and 16.2% of its entire exports.
• Under Chemical industries some of the other rapidly
emerging sectors are petrochemical, agrochemical, and
pharmaceutical industries
Overview of Business 22
 Agro Industry
• Over the years agriculture has been the major source
of livelihood of the Indian population.
• India produces a wide variety of crops, with food
crops predominating over others.
• The principal crops are rice, wheat, pulses, sugarcane,
cotton, jute, oilseeds, tea, coffee, and tobacco.
• Food production in the recent past has been
characterized by plentiful supplies and by a
substantial increase in the government's buffer stocks.
• Agricultural production, which constitutes about 32 %
of GDP is significantly influenced by the monsoons.
Overview of Business 23
Overview of Business 24
 Globalisation
 Definition:
• An economic phenomenon?
• A social phenomenon?
• A cultural phenomenon?
 Globalization in its literal sense is the process of
transformation of local phenomena into global ones.
 It can be described as a process by which the people of the
world are unified into a single society and function together.
 This process is a combination of economic, technological,
sociocultural and political forces.
Overview of Business 25
Effect of Globalization

Globalisation
could involve all
these things!

Overview of Business 26
 Measuring Globalisation
 Globalisation has had an impact on different cultures
around the world.
 Japanese McDonald’s fast food as an evidence of
international integration.
 The center around the four main economic flows that
characterize globalisation:
• Goods and Services
• Labour/People
• Capital
• Technology
Overview of Business 27
 Globalisation
Advantages:
• Emergence of worldwide Production market.
• Emergence of worldwide Financial market.
• Freedom of exchange of goods and capitals.
• Reallocation of Powers.
• Increase in flow of information.
• Improved Productivity and increase Competition.
• Growth of Cross-Culture contacts.
• International cultural exchange.
• Development of technical structure.
• Creation of Legal and Ethical laws.
Overview of Business 28
 Globalisation
Disadvantages:
• Poorer countries are sometimes at disadvantage.
• Exploitation of foreign impoverished workers.
• Outsourcing of Production.
• Weak labour unions.
• Problems due to Foreign Technology.
• Problems of Foreign Investment.
• Problems for Domestic Companies.
Overview of Business 29
Overview of Business 30
 Intellectual Property Rights
• It is the Property created by Application of Human
Mind.
• Intangible (non-physical) in nature.
• Derives value from ideas.
• There is no uniform definition of Intellectual
Property.
• In knowledge age, Intellectual Property is a key to
techno-economic growth.
Overview of Business 31
 Patent: What is it?
• It is a limited right granted by the state to an
inventor in respect of an invention to exclude
any other person from practicing the
invention.
• i.e. manufacturing, using or selling the
patented product or from using the patented
process, without due permission.
Overview of Business 32
 What can be Patented?
Inventions in all fields of technology, whether it is
products or processes can be patented, if they meet
the criteria of:
• Being patentable subject matter;
• Novelty; Invention not known to public prior to claim by inventor.
• Non-obviousness (inventive step); Invention not related
to person with ordinary skills in art.

• Industrial application (utility); Invention can be made or used

in any useful, practical activity as distinct from purely intellectual one.

Overview of Business 33
Trademark

Overview of Business 34
Trademark, Service mark and Trade Name
• Distinctive symbols or signs or logos that help
consumer to distinguish between competing
goods or services are called trademark or service
mark.
• A trade name is the name of an enterprise which
individualizes the enterprise in consumer’s mind.
• Legally not linked to quality.
• In fact, linked in consumer’s mind to quality.
expectation. Overview of Business 35
 Types of Trademark
• Well Known Trade Mark.

• Collective Mark: Proprietor is an association

of persons, which is legally not a partnership.

• Certification Mark: Does not indicate origin of

goods but certifies the goods as conforming
to certain characteristics (quality, ingredients,
geographical origin etc.) e.g. ISI, AGMARK,
Hallmark etc.
Overview of Business 36
 Forms of Trade Mark
• Visual: Words, letters, numerals, devices
including drawings and symbols or 2-D
representations of object or a combination of
two or more of these, colour combinations or
colour per se, 3-D sign as shape of goods or
packaging.
• Audio: Sounds, Musical Notes
• Olfactory: Smells

Overview of Business 37
What is protected and what’s not?
• Right to use Trade Marks in relation to goods
or services as registered are protected (If
Trade Mark consists of several parts,
protection is for Trade Mark as a whole).

• State Emblems, Official Hallmarks, Emblems

of Intergovernmental Organizations cannot be
used as Trade Marks.
Overview of Business 38
 Trade Secret

The best kept secret till date….!

Presentation by : S.K. RAWAT Overview of Business 39
 Trade Secrets

• Some inventions, data, information cannot be

protected by any of the available means of
IPRs. Such information is held confidential as
a trade secret.
• Trade secret can be an invention, idea, survey
method, manufacturing process, experiment
results, chemical formula, recipe, financial
strategy, client database etc.

Overview of Business 40
Copyright

Overview of Business 41
 Copyright
• Copyright protects literary and artistic works.
• Copyrights are for Books, lectures, dramatic
and musical works, choreography, drawings,
paintings, cinematography, architecture,
sculpture, photographs, illustrations, maps,
plans sketches etc.
• This is automatic right created with the
creation of work and no registration is
required.
Overview of Business 42
 Who are the Authors?

• Writer/writers of the book;

• Painter;
• Music composer;
• Translator;
• Cinematographer;
• Photographer etc.

Overview of Business 43
 Duration of Protection

• For books and other works of arts it is 50 to

70 years after the death of the author (the
laws of different countries vary);

• For photographic work 25 years from making

the work;

• For cinematic works 50 years after making

the work available to public.

Overview of Business 44
 Emerging Issues in IPR

• Traditional Knowledge and Expression

of Culture (Folklore);
• Biodiversity and Genetic Resources;
• Electronic Commerce;
• Internet Domain Names;
• Protection of databases, software.

Overview of Business 45