Solid Mensuration

Three Dimensions

Solid Geometry is the

geometry of three-
dimensional space
It is called three-
dimensional, or 3D
because there are three
dimensions: width, depth
and height.
 Undefined terms

Point
Line
Plane
 Point

Indicator of a position. ·A
A point does not occupy A single letter is used to
an area. It does not have name a point.
any width, length or
depth.
 Line

A collection of points that

extends indefinitely in
either direction. It does
not have any width and
is one dimensional.
To name a line, use two
Since it extends points on the line with a line
indefinitely, a line is over the two arrows.
denoted as a segment
with arrows on either end
 Plane

A set of points contained

in a flat surface and
extends indefinitely in all
directions. D
A plane is commonly
denoted as a closed four
sided figure. Plane D
 Defined Terms

Space
Collinear points
Non-collinear points
Coplanar points
Non-coplanar points
 Space

Is the set of all points.

The region in which
objects exist.
 Collinear points

Are the points that lie on the same line.

 Non-collinear points

Are points that do not lie on the same line.

 Coplanar points

Are points that lie on the same plane.

 Non-coplanar points

Are points that do NOT lie on the same plane.

 Polyhedron

A geometric object
with flat faces and
straight edges.
a polyhedron is a
three - dimensional
figure made up of
sides called faces,
each face being a
polygon.
 Base

The lowest part.

The surface that a
solid object
stands on, or the
bottom line of a
shape such as a
triangle or
rectangle.
 Prism
A solid object that has
two identical ends and all
flat sides.
The cross section is the
same all along its length.
The shape of the ends
give the prism a name,
such as "triangular
prism“
It is a polyhedron.
 Pyramid
A solid object where:

* The base is a polygon

(a straight-sided shape)

* The sides are triangles

which meet at the top
(the apex).

It is a polyhedron.
 Cylinder

A cylinder is a
solid object with:
* two identical
flat circular or
elliptical ends
* and one curved
side.
 Cone

A solid
(3-dimensional)
object that has a
circular base and
one vertex
 Prisms & Pyramids
Type Examples Properties

● 5 faces
2 triangular bases
Triangular Prism 3 rectangular faces
● 9 edges
● 6 vertices
6 faces
2 rectangular bases
4 rectangular faces
Rectangular Prism ● 12 edges
● 8 vertices

● 6 faces
2 square bases
4 square faces
Cube ● 12 edges
● 8 vertices

● 5 faces
1 square base
4 triangular faces
Square Pyramid ● 8 edges
● 5 vertices

● 4 faces
1 triangular base
3 triangular faces
Triangular Pyramid ● 6 edges
● 4 vertices
 Three Dimensional Figures with
Curved Surfaces
Type Example Properties

●2 circular bases
● 1 curved surface
Cylinder

●1 circular base
Cone ●1 curved surface
● 1 vertex

Sphere ●1 curved surface

Mensuration of Plane Figures
Area of a Regular Polygon

r r
a a

r
a
 Example 1

Find the area of a regular pentagon whose

apothem is 8 cm and the length of a side is 10 cm.

10cm

8cm
 Mensuration of Plane Figures

It is important to thoroughly familiarize with the

mensuration of standard plane figures.
Here are some of the following list of formulas
relating to plane figures.
Square

d
s

s
Rectangle
Right Triangle
Oblique Triangle
 Parallelogram

Area = (base)(height) = bh
Trapezoid
Circle
Sector of Circle
Segment of a circle
Ellipse
Parabolic segment
 Example 2

A rectangular platform is 8m long and 4m wide.

Find the area and perimeter of the platform.
 Example 3
Find the dimensions of the square
inscribed in a circle of radius 8cm.
Inscribed - is the largest
possible circle that can be drawn on
the inside of a plane figure.
Circumscribed - or circumcircle of a
polygon is a circle that passes
through all the vertices of the
polygon.
Example 4
Example 5
 Example 6

In the figure shown is a circle of radius r inscribed

in triangle ABC whose sides are 5, 7, and 10,
respectively. Find the radius of the inscribe circle.
 Exercise 1 – Mensuration of plane
Figures
1. A piece of land was developed for a housing project (see figure
below).
a. Find the total area of the land.
b. If the whole area was sold for ₱10,000.00 per square meter, find
the total value of the land.
10,000 m

6,000 m 7,000 m

8,000 m 8,000 m