UNIFIED LOAD DESPATCH

SCHEME IN THE SOUTHERN

REGION

AN OVERVIEW
 Unified Grid Operation
National
NLDC Level

5 Nos. ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC Regional

Level

32 Nos. State HQ
SLDC SLDC SLDC Level

51 Nos. SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC Group /

Distt Level

1160 Plant / Sub-

Nos. RTU RTU RTU Station Level
 Hierarchy of The ULDC Scheme in Southern Region
DIRECTLY REPORTING
24 RTUs
RLDC,Bangalore
14 RTUs
CPCC SCC, Pondy

101 RTUs 30 RTUs 87 RTUs 64RTUs

Hyderabad Kalamassery Chennai Bangalore

Andhra Kerala Tamilnadu Karnataka

Hyderabad Kalam’erry Chennai Bangalore

Cuddapah Kannur Erode Lingusugur
Warangal Trivandrum Madurai Hubli
Vijayawada UNIFIED
UNIFIED
 Information Flow to Control Centres

Ramagundam
Karnataka
Warangal
Satellite Ghanapur
HYDERABAD Vijayawada
Andhra Pradesh
Hubli
Davangeree
MW Link
Bangalore Chinkampalli FO Link
State owneed Link
CHENNAI Sub-LDC
SLDC
Pondy RCLDC
Kannur-B Erode
Kerala UT of Pondy
KALAMASSERY
Madurai
Tamilnadu
Vydyuthi Bhavanam
 Communication Channel for Information flow

RLDC
Wide Band
Commn

SLDC SLDC
Wide Band
Commn
(MW / FO)
Sub-LDC Sub-LDC
Wide Band /
PLCC Commn
RTU RTU RTU
 RAMAGUNDAM

PEDAPALLI
DURSHED
JAMMIKUNTA GAJUWAKA
WARANGAL VIZAG SWS
SHAPURNAGAR

VIDYUTH SOUDHA GHANAPUR BOMMUR

KAKINADA
CH.GUTTA VTPS BHIMADOLE
HYDERABAD 400 N’SAGAR PH
VIJAYAWADA
TALLAPALLI

SRISAILAM PH

SRISAILAM LBPH
KURNOOL
APSEB
Lingasugur
HUBLI
SOMAYAJULAPALLI
RTU’S

N
82
GOOTY
MUDDANOOR RTPP

DAVANAGERE CHINAKAMPALLY

ANANTHAPUR
HINDUPUR

BANGALORE PONDY
CHENNAI
KEB KUMBALGODI SOMANAHALLI RTU’S
SRIPERUMBUDUR P

RTU’S 05
SP.KOVIL

22

VILLIANUR
KANNUR-B PONDY LEGEND
SALEM400
CENTRAL SALEM230 PANRUTI
NEYVELI RSCC (1)
ERODE
SECTOR RTU’S CHIDAMBARAM
KOZHIKODE INGUR CPCC (1)
22 MYLADUTURAI
PONGALORE
UDUMALPET TRICHY KOVILVENNI SLDC (4)
TRICHUR NORTH THIRUVARUR
ORTHANADU
ADANIKOTTAI
CHALAKUDI
THIRUMAYAM
PUDUKOTTAI SUB-LDC / SCC (14)
KALAMASSERY
MADURAI400 KARAIKUDI
KSEB FIBRE OPTIC LINK 110/132kv
VIAKKAM SIVAGANGA
MADURAI FIBRE OPTIC LINK (220kv)
RTU’S PALLOM TNEB
FIBRE OPTIC LINK (400kv)
KAYANKULAM
30 RTU’S FIBRE OPTIC LINK (SEB)
KUNDRA PARIPALLI 40
MICROWAVE LINK (35 links)
TRIVANDRUM NORTH EXISTING MICROWAVE LINK
VYDYUTHI BHAVANAM
SATELLITE LINK (KEB)
RTU LOCATIONS (201)
 COMPLEXITY OF MONITORING

Integrated
Opn
of Ten Power
Annual Inter- Utilities Generators –
Regional Hydro,
Energy Thermal,Gas/IP
Transfer 30,000 POINTS P
≈10,000MU Active Power, Reactive 422 nos.
Power,
Voltage, Frequency, Transmission
Installed
Transformer Network
Capacity
Tap Position, Circuit 400/220kV
≈32800 MW
Breaker Position, Isolator ≈ 40700 Ckm
Position etc
Transformers Transformati
(220kV and on
above) Dynamic Capacity ≈
480 nos. Grid 45000 MVA
Conditions
 Scan Cycles
• All the analog data are scanned every 10/12
seconds
• Status information are reported by exception
• All status information are scanned for integrity
check every 10 minutes
• The SOE datas are time stamped at 1 ms resolution
• Time synchronisation is done every 10 minutes
 SRLDC ARCHITECTURE

WORK WORK WORK WORK WORK

STATION STATION STATION STATION STATION
1 2 3 4 5
LAN 2
LAN 1
SLDC
ROUTER 1 ROUTER 2
. .
FEP1 FEP2

SCADA/ DATA BACKUP EMS EMS BACK UP

AGC SERVER SERVER SERVER SERVER EMS
SERVER . . A B .
RAID
RSCC, BANGALORE CONTROL CENTRE
WORK
STATIONS
WS01 WS02 WS03 WS04 WS05

DUAL LAN
FRONT END
PROCESSORS
Switch WS06 WS07

DTS SYSTEM
AP-07 AP-08 FEP-1 FEP-2
DTS DTS
SERVER SERVER

APPLICATION
PROCESSOR

PNA:POWER NETWORK ANALYSIS

RAID
COPS: COMPREHENSIVE
OPERATION PLANNING AND
AP-01 AP-02 AP-03 AP-04 AP-05 AP-06 SCHEDULING
ICCP: INTER CONTROL CENTRE
SCADA DATA BACKUP PNA/ICCP COPS BACKUP COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL
AGC SERVER SERVER SERVER SERVER RAID:- REDUNDANT ARRAY OF
SERVER INDEPENDENT DISKS
 FUNCTIONS OF SCADA

• DATA ACQUISITION.
• PROCESSING OF ACQUIRED DATA.
• LIMIT / STATUS MONITORING &
ALARMING.
• NETWORK STATUS PROCESSOR.
• SEQUENCE OF EVENT RECORDING.
• INFORMATION STORAGE & RETRIEVAL.
• DATA EXCHANGE
• SUPERVISORY CONTROL.
Energy Management Systems / (EMS)
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA)

HIERARCHICAL LEVEL

Regional LDC EMS/SCADA

State LDC EMS/SCADA

Sub-LDC SCADA

Remote Terminal Units RTU RTU RTU RTU RTU

 EMS FUNCTIONS
•PRE DISPATCH FUNCTIONS
•REAL TIME DISPATCH FUNCTIONS
•REAL TIME NETWORK ANALYSIS
•POST DISPATCH FUNCTIONS
THANK YOU
Implementation through –
Unified Approach
• Achieved co-ordinated and phased
implementation
• Established the facilities within same time frame
• Compatibility of equipment system
• Standardisation of Hardware and software with
resulting economy in cost
• Optimisation of maintenance/spares of
equipments
 PRE-DISPATCH FUNCTIONS
• LOAD FORECASTING
• HYDRO-THERMAL COORDINATION
• HYDRO SCHEDULING
• UNIT COMMITMENT
• INTERCHANGE SCHEDULING
• INTERCHANGE TRANSACTION
EVALUATION
• INFLOW FORECASTING
• CURRENT OPERATING PLAN
REAL TIME DISPATCH FUNCTIONS

• OPERATION MONITOR
• AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL
• ECONOMIC DISPATCH
• RESERVE MONITOR
• LOAD SHEDDING SUPPORT
• PRODUCTION COST MONITORING
REAL-TIME NETWORK ANALYSIS
FUNCTIONS

• NETWORK TOPOLOGY
• BUS-LOAD FORECAST
• STATE ESTIMATION
• EXTERNAL MODEL
• LOSS SENSITIVITY
• REAL-TIME CONTINGENCY ANALYSIS
• OPTIMUM POWER FLOW
 POST-DISPATCH FUNCTIONS
• POST DISTURBANCE ANALYSIS
--DISTURBANCE DATA COLLECTION
--SEQUENCE OF EVENTS DATA