CE443: ADVANCED STRUCTURAL

DESIGN

FIRST SEMESTER
EXERMINATION BY COURSEWORK
ONLY
 Course Outline

1. The nature and function of a structure

2. Fundamental criteria for the design of structures
3. Design of shell structures
4. Elevated water tanks
5. Tall buildings
6. Cable structures
7. Exposure to Euro-codes
8. Design exercises
WEEK Topic Covered Exercises given

WEEK 1 (17/09 - 19/09) The nature and function of a structure 4 Groups

WEEK 2 (24/09 - 26/09) Group presentations of exercises given 4Groups
WEEK 3 (01/10 - 03/10) Fundamental criteria for the design of structures
WEEK 4 (08/10 - 10/10) Design of shell structures
WEEK 5 (15/10 - 17/10) Design of Elevated water tanks
WEEK 6 (22/10 - 24/10) Design of Tall buildings
WEEK 7 (22/10 - 24/10) Design of Cable structures
WEEK 8 (29/10 - 31/10) Exposure to Euro-codes
WEEK 9 (05/11 -07/11) Design exercises and presentations
WEEK 10 (12/11 -14/11) Design exercises and presentations
WEEK 11 (19/11 -21/11) Design exercises and presentations
WEEK 12 (26/11 -28/12) Presentations
WEEK 13 (03/12 -05/12) Presentations
WEEK 14 (10/12 -12/12) Handing in of exercises
 Aim of the Course

• The main aim of this course is:

– to adopt the systems-oriented,

– holistic approach

– structural integrity-based design

 Recommended Codes, Books and
References
• BS 648: Dead loads
• BS 5930: Code of practice for site investigations
• BS 8004: 1986: Load bearing capacities
• BS 6399-2-1997: Loading
• CP3: Chapter V: Part 2: 1972: Wind
• BS 8110 Part 1-1997, Structural Use of Concrete:
Code of practice for design and construction
• BS 4466-2: Reinforcement bending
• BS 5950: Part 1: 1985: Structural steel
• BS 5268-2:2002: Steel columns
 Recommended Codes, Books and
References
• EN 1990-Eurocode 0: Basis of structural design
• EN 1991-Eurocode 1: Actions on Structures
• EN 1992: Eurocode 2: Design of Concrete Structures
• EN 1993: Eurocode 3:Design of steel structures
• Designers’ Guide to EN 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures
General Rules and Rules for Buildings; (Steel Construction Institute)
• EN 1994: Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
• EN 1995: Eurocode 5:Design of timber structures
• EN 1995: Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
• EN 1997: Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
• EN 1998: Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance
• EN 1999: Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures
 Recommended Codes, Books and
References
• Pre-stressed Concrete by G.S. Pandit and S.P. Gupta, CBS Publishers &
Distributers, New Delhi
• (Problems & Solutions) Prestressed Concrete, Second Edition, by N.
Krishna Raju, CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Delhi.
• Fundamentals of Structural Analysis with computer analysis and
applications by Sujit Kumar Roy, and Subrata Chakrabarty, S. Chand &
Company Ltd, New Delhi.
• Handbook of Concrete Engineering, Second Edition, Edited by Mark Fintel,
CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Delhi.
• Any Technical Report on “Structural Design of Tall Concrete and Masonry
Buildings” by special committees.
• Introduction to Structural Integrity and Basic Fatigue Design (Volume I) by
David W Hoeppner (University of Utah, USA)
 LESSON 1:

THE NATURE AND FUNCTION OF A

STRUCTURE
 Nature of a Structure
• A load-bearing construction:
– an organized assembly of connected parts
designed to provide mechanical resistance and
stability to the works.

• Structural integrity:
– Can withstand the anticipated stresses for the
design period
 Nature of a Structure (contd....)

• A structural material:
– is a constituent product with properties that
enter into structural calculations or otherwise
relate to the mechanical resistance and stability of
works and parts thereof and/or to their fire
resistance, including aspects of durability and
serviceability.
 Nature of a Structure (contd....)
• Structural component:
– means components to be used as load-bearing
parts of works designed to provide mechanical
resistance and/or fire resistance, including aspects
of durability and serviceability.
 Nature of a Structure (contd....)
• Structural kit:
– consist of structural components to be assembled
and installed on site. The assembled system made
from the structural kit is a “structure”.
 Function of a Structure
• “Action”
– means a load, or an imposed deformation (e.g.
temperature effects or settlements).
• “Strength”
– is a mechanical property of a material, in units of stress.
• “Resistance”
– is a mechanical property of a component or a cross-section
of a member, or a member or a structure. “Effects of
actions” are internal moments and forces, bending
moments, shear forces and deformations caused by
actions.
 Structural Design
• The designer’s core task is to conceive the
structure in accordance with the design brief,
relevant Standards, statutory requirements
and other constraints.

• Types of Structures
– Stresses and their accompanying deformations are
resisted by a structural system
 Structural Systems
• The structural system may be elemental or
assembled systems.

• Elemental structural systems could be:

foundation bases; columns; slabs; beams; roof
members (ties and struts); or connectors (e.g.
bolts, nails, cleats etc).
 Structural Systems
• Assembled systems
– either planar or space structures include:
supported beams; trusses; girders; pinned frames;
rigid frames; high-rise structures bridges; water
towers; underground water tanks, masks etc
• The behaviour of real structures are such that
structural members, connections, fasteners
and frames act together in resisting imposed
actions (loads, pressures, displacements,
strains, etc)
 Rational Design Concept
• Basic principles of science (physics) are ideal.
• Reality is not necessarily so. Indeed, reality is
average and statistical in nature.
– Hence, the need to incorporate empirical
guidelines based on the following considerations:
• Material types (concrete, steel, timber, composite etc
• Linear, planar, as well as orthogonal dimensions of the
structure.
• Connection details, which, again may not act as purely
as the basic science predicts.
• Consideration for Seismic Effects
Consideration for Seismic Effects