NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ANDHRA PRADESH

TADEPALLIGUDEM -534101

Three Phase
Half/Semi Controlled Rectifier

S. V. K. Naresh
PF051902
Circuit Diagram:

I0
I0

T1 T3 T5 T1 T3 T5

A Diodes A
Is D4,D6,D2 Is
L
B O are replaced by B L
A V0 Thyristors O V0
C D C A
T4,T6,T2 D

T4 T6 T2 D4 D6 D2

3-Φ Fully Controlled Rectifier 3-Φ Semi Controlled Rectifier

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Firing Angle (α) = 0:

T5 T1 T3 T5
D6 D2 D4

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Firing Angle (α) = 30:

T5 T1 T3 T5

D6 D2 D4

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Firing Angle (α) = 30:

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Firing Angle (α) = 60:

T5 T1 T3
D6 D2 D4

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Firing Angle (α) = 90:

T3 T5 T1 T3
D6 D6 D2 D2 D4 D4

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Expression for Output Voltage:
No. of Pulses in output form in 3-Φ Semi converter = 6 for α ≤ 60
= 3 for α › 60

α ≤ 60: (α=30) 𝟑𝑽𝒎𝒍

𝑽𝟎 = 𝟏 + 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜶
2𝜋
𝜋+𝛼
𝟐𝝅
1 3 2𝜋
𝑉0 = න 𝑉𝑚𝑙 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 𝑑𝜔𝑡 + න −𝑉𝑚𝑙 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝜔𝑡 + ) 𝑑𝜔𝑡
2𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋 3
3 3 +𝛼 3
𝟏

α › 60: (α=90) 𝑽𝒐𝒓 =

𝑽𝒎𝒍 𝟑
𝟐𝝅/𝟑 +
𝟑(𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟐𝛂) 𝟐
𝑓𝑜𝑟 α ≤ 60
𝟐 𝝅 𝟐
4𝜋 𝟏
1 3 2𝜋 𝑽𝒎𝒍 𝟑 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝜶 𝟐
𝑉0 = න −𝑉𝑚𝑙 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 + 𝑑𝜔𝑡 𝑽𝒐𝒓 = 𝝅−𝜶 + 𝑓𝑜𝑟 α › 60
2𝜋 𝜋
+𝛼 3 𝟐 𝝅 𝟐
3 3

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Expression for Source Current:
𝟔 𝜶
RMS Value of fundamental Source Current 𝑰𝒔𝟏 = 𝝅
𝑰𝟎 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐
𝜶
Displacement Power Factor = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐 for any value of α

α ≤ 60: α › 60
2 (𝜋 − 𝛼)
𝐼𝑠 = 𝐼0 𝐼𝑠 = 𝐼0
3 𝜋

𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑀𝑆 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝐼𝑠1 𝟔 𝜶

𝐷. 𝐹 = DF = = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑀𝑆 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝐼𝑠 𝝅(𝝅−𝜶)
𝐼𝑠1 𝟑 𝜶
DF = = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐
𝐼𝑠 𝝅

𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝐷𝐹 ∗ 𝐷𝑃𝐹

𝟑 𝜶 𝟔 𝜶
𝐼𝑃𝐹 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐 𝐼𝑃𝐹 = 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐
𝝅 𝟐 𝝅(𝝅 − 𝜶) 𝟐
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 Observations:
• Output voltage has a periodicity of 120 deg.
• For any value of firing angle(α) output voltage, current and power are
always positive due to unidirectional property of devices.

• The direction of power flow is always from A.C. Source to D.C. Load
• Hence, it is only useful for motoring applications.
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