Introduction to psychology

BS Zoology
 Introducation
• The term psychology is derived from Greek word
psyche, meaning ‘soul’ or ‘mind’ and logos,
meaning ‘word’.
• Wilhelm Wundt, German psychologist, physician
and philosopher is best known for establishing
the first psychology lab in Liepzig, Germany,
officially marking the beginning of psychology as
a field of science distinct from philosophy and
physiology.
• Wundt is referred as father of psychology.
 Definition
• Psychology is the scientific study of behavior
and mind.
• William James in his book ‘Principles of
Psychology’ defined Psychology as “
Psychology is the description and explanation
of state of consciousness in human being.”
 Nature of Psychology
• Scientific in nature.
• Well organized theory based on psychological
laws and principles.
• Applied aspect.
• Objective in nature.
• Reliable and valid.
• Must be scientific in nature.
• Verifiable
• Universal nature
 Applications of Psychology with
Reference to Pakistan
• Psychology is a world wide famous subject and with every
passing year its growing in Pakistan as well.
• There are so many ways in which Psychology students
pursue their career.
1. Clinical Psychology: Major universities in Pakistan are
offering MS and PhD programs in clinical psychology. It
makes students eligible enough to diagnose a client with
mental illness and treat them with different therapies.
Every hospital has a seat for clinical psychologist. Army,
navy and Air force are hiring clinical psychologists too.
2. Counseling Psychology: In Pakistan people are still
reluctant to talk about their problems with strangers and
taking advice from them.
2. Counseling Psychology: But with every passing year counseling is
becoming a basic need in our society. Career counseling plays an
important role in students lives and they tend to take it more
seriously these days.
3. Educational Psychology: Educational psychologist is a member in an
institute who makes sure that children have healthy mind and body.
They do therapies, activities for time management, relaxation and
modify teaching strategies for better results and healthy
environment.
4. Organizational Psychology: Organizational Psychologists have more
than one job. They work in human resource management to hire
efficient people for work and separately take care of every
individual’s mental health. They make sure that employees have
better work environment.
• Forensic Psychology: Forensic psychologist
works in courts and with culprits. They give
the testimony of culprit being healthy or with
a psychological problem.
• Sport Psychology: Sport psychologists works
with sports teams to make sure that they are
mentally fit for the game and providing their
services to the team in time of anxious
positions.