ADVANCE READING

1.Definition of explanation text

Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of
natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is
to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often
found in science, geography and history text books.
2.Generic Structure of Explanation Text
– General statement
General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be
explained.
– Sequenced of explanation
Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the
phenomena.
3.Purpose of Explanation Text
– Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of
natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
– To explain how or why something happens.
 4.Language Features of Explanation Text
In an explanation text, there are linguistic features as below :
– Using simple present tense
– Using abstract noun (no visible noun)
– Using Passive voice
– Using Action verbs
– Containing explanation of the process

Why Summer Daylight is Longer than Winter
Daylight
example
In the summer, the amount of daylight that we
get is more than we get in winter. This is not
because as much people think we are closer to
the sun but because of the tilt of the earth.
The earth is actually closer to the sun in winter
than it is in summer but you would be forgiven
for thinking that this can not be true after looking
out of your window on a cold and frosty morning.
It seems strange that as the earth get closer to
the sun during its orbit then the amount of
daylight that we get decrease. But that is the
case. It is the tilt of the earth that determine the
amount of daylight that we get and so the length
of time that for us the sun is above the horizon.
(Taken from: www.ictteachers.co.uk)
 Generic Structure
Why Summer Daylight is Longer than
Winter Daylight
In the summer, the amount of daylight that we get
is more than we get in winter. This is not because
• General statement: Stating the
as much people think we are closer to the sun but
phenomenon that is the daylight in
because of the tilt of the earth.
summer is longer than in winter.
The earth is actually closer to the sun in winter
• Explanation: It is the tilt of the earth that
than it is in summer but you would be forgiven for
determines the amount of daylight not
thinking that this can not be true after looking out
the distance of the earth from the sun.
of your window on a cold and frosty morning.
It seems strange that as the earth get closer to the
sun during its orbit then the amount of daylight Language Feature
that we get decrease. But that is the case. It is the
• Focusing generic participant: daylight
tilt of the earth that determine the amount of
• Using chronological connection: then, so,
daylight that we get and so the length of time that
but.
for us the sun is above the horizon.
• Using passive voice: you would be
forgiven.
• Using present tense: the earth is actually
closer to the sun.
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