INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

NAME- AMRIT SRIVASTAVA

REG NO.- RA1611003011229
DEPT.- COMPUTER SC.&ENG.(CSE)
SUBJECT- INDUSTRIAL TRAINING I
 BSNL

BASIC TELECOM
 ABSTRACT

Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words,

writings, images and sounds or information of any nature by wire, radio,
optical or electromagnetic systems. Telecommunication occurs when the
exchange of information between communication participants includes
the use of technology. It is transmitted either electrically over physical
media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation. Such
transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which
afford the advantages of multiplexing. Since
the Latin term communicatio is considered the social process of
information exchange, the term telecommunications is often used in its
plural form because it involves many different technologies.
 TELEPHONE
EXCHANGE
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE IS A HUB TO WHICH
ALL SUBSCRIBERS ARE CONNECTED.
FOR SMOOTH WORKING OF EXCHANGE
FOLLOWING UNIT ARE VERY IMPORTANT.

1. COMPUTER UNIT
2. POWER SUPPLY
3. A C
4. M D F
 ABOUT THE COMPANY
INTRODUCTION OF BSNL
BSNL, formed in October, 2000, is world's 7th largest telecommunications company
providing comprehensive range of telecom services in India: Wireline, CDMA mobile,
GSM mobile , Internet, Broadband, Carrier service, MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP services, IN
Services etc. Within a span of five years it has become one of the largest public sector
units in India. BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the country and now
focusing on improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom services with
ICT applications in villages and winning customer confidence. BSNL is the only service
provider, making focused efforts and planned initiatives to bridge the Rural-Urban Digital
Divide ICT sector.
BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million internet customers who
access internet through various modes, viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account Less
Internet(CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the NUMBER ONE ISP in the country . BSNL
has set up a world-class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP infrastructure that
provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same Backbone
and Broadband Access Network. At present there are
0.6 million Data One broadband customers.
 TRAINING SCHEDULE
13 MAY 2018

On the first day of the training program I attended safety training. "Basic safety training" includes basic fire fighting,
elementary first aid and personal safety and social responsibility. I was given a brief introduction to the different departments
and their respective heads.

14 MAY 2018

I was told to study about Analytics and different telecom visualisation techniques and why do we need them.

15 MAY to 19 MAY

I was introduced to a tool called O C B . After studying about tableau and its various features I started using the same. I
learned about the tableau interface.

20 MAY to MAY 24 MAY

I learned about telephone exchange and call processing,
 TRAINING SCHEDULE

25 MAY
I started working on the project given to me. The project is described in this report.

26 MAY

Report Submission
 LEARNING OUTCOMES

1. ARCHITECTURE OF WIRELESS AND WIRELINE

NETWORKS
2. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
3. BASIC CONCEPTS ON FREQUENCY AND SPECTRUM
4. O S I MODEL
5. NETWORK COMPONENTS
 TYPES OF EXCHANGE

1. OCB
2. E-10B
3. SEIMENS
4. C-DOT
 • OCB means Organ Control Bhersion
which is a Frenchword.
OCB-283
• Alcatel of France has developed
this DIGITAL System inAlcatel of
France has developed this DIGITAL
System in1991(R-11 ver.)1991(R-11
ver.)
 SALIENT FEATURES OF O C B
• It supports both analog and digital signal. It supports
both analog and digital signal.

• The call processing program is distributed over The call

processing program is distributed over different control
organs of the system and is stored different control
organs of the system and is stored in ROM/RAM of the
units.in ROM/RAM of the units.

• The system is made up of only 35 types of cards The

system is made up of only 35 types of cards.
SPECIFICATIONS
• It is digital switching system maximum of 2048 PCM’s
can be maximum of 2048 PCM’s can be connected.

• The system supports all the existing The system

supports all the existing signaling system e.g. MF (R2)
for signaling system e.g. MF (R2) forE10B, CAS,
CCS7.E10B, CAS, CCS7.

• The traffic handling capacity of The traffic handling

capacity of the system is huge depending on the
system is huge depending on the traffic, 200,000
subscribers or traffic, 200,000 subscribers or60,0000
circuits.60,0000 circuits.
 MAIN DIVISION OCB-283
1. MDF ROOM
2. EXPLOITATION ROOM
3. SWITCHING ROOM

MDF (Main Distribution Frame)

This room is used to distribute the subscriber’s call according to his request.
In any type of exchange, there is a unit called main distribution frame and isused
for interconnection of exchange line and junction unit equipments to external
physical lines coming to the exchange. The distribution frame provides easy and
flexible interconnection. In MDF, all lines are coming from subscribers, non
exchange lines, telexlines and analog junction lines, are terminated on 100 pair
krone type tag locks in which gas discharge tubes type protective devices are
provided to tackle voltages.
 SWITCHING ROOM
The hardware equipment of the OCB283 consists of a set
of control283 (multiprocessor) station SM.

It consists of Racks that has CARDS It consists of Racks that has

CARD fitted in it

SMC : Main Control Station SMC

SMA : Auxiliary Equipment SMSMA

SMT : PCM trunk SMSMT

SMX : Switching Matrix SMSMX

EXPLOITATION ROOM
CALL PROCESSING
Off Hook Condition.

Feeding Dial Tone.

Digit Receiving.

Digit Analysis.

Release Tandem

Power Supplies and Ringers.

 POWER PLANT EXCHANGE

Power plants are designed for continuous handling of constant load.

The main exchange requires two types of supplies :

The first one is 48 V DC supply mainly for switch room.

The second one is 220V AC supply for switch room .

O THER REQIREMENT FOR OCB FUNCTIONING

AIR CONDITIONERS.

MICROPROCESSORS.

BATTERY AND POWER SUPPLY.

POWER ROOM.

GENERATORS.

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER.

HUMIDITY CONTROLLER.

FIRE DETECTORS AND EXTINGUISHERS.

EARTHING CONDUCTORS.

RECTIFIERS
MOBILE COMMUNICATION
Mobile Communication Technologies
– Mobile Communication. Mobile
communication allows transmission of
voice and multimedia data via a
computer or a mobile device without
having connected to any physical or
fixed link. ... Advancement in
technology as the invention of
telephone is one of such examples.
GSM
GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) is
a digital mobile telephony system that is widely used in Europe
and other parts of the world. GSM uses a variation of time
division multiple access (TDMA) and is the most widely used
of the three digital wireless telephony technologies (TDMA,
GSM, and CDMA). GSM digitizes and compresses data, then
sends it down a channel with two other streams of user data,
each in its own time slot. It operates at either the 900 MHz or
1800 MHz frequency band.
 BROADBAND
In telecommunications, a broadband signaling method is one that handles a wide band of frequencies.
"Broadband" is a relative term, understood according to its context. The wider (or broader)
the bandwidth of a channel, the greater the data-carrying capacity, given the same channel quality.
In radio, for example, a very narrow band will carry Morse code, a broader band will carry speech, and a
still broader band will carry music without losing the high audio frequencies required for realistic sound
reproduction. This broad band is often divided into channels or "frequency bins"
using passband techniques to allow frequency-division multiplexing instead of sending a higher-quality
signal.
In data communications, a 56k modem will transmit a data rate of 56 kilobits per second (kbit/s) over a
4-kilohertz-wide telephone line (narrowband or voiceband). In the late 1980s, the Broadband Integrated
Services Digital Network (B-ISDN) used the term to refer to a broad range of bit rates, independent of
physical modulation details. The various forms of digital subscriber line (DSL) services are broadband in
the sense that digital information is sent over multiple channels. Each channel is at higher frequency
than the baseband voice channel, so it can support plain old telephone service on a single pair of wires at
the same time. However, when that same line is converted to a non-loaded twisted-pair wire (no
telephone filters), it becomes hundreds of kilohertz wide (broadband) and can carry up to 100 megabits
per second using very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line (VDSL or VHDSL) techniques.
CERTIFICATE