A research proposal presented by: Janina Buenaseda,

Aleanah De Jose, Gio Dela Cruz, and Hector Geroleo

 How did the execution of Rizal Influence the
revolutionary ideals of his contemporaries and what
impact does this has on the present issues on
nationalism?
 Technological advancements in modern day has led to the rapid increase of
globalization among different countries from all around the world. As a developing
country, the Philippines has been actively participating with this ever-increasing
worldwide trend. Although globalization has brought many benefits and
opportunities to Filipinos, engaging with this process also has its corresponding
downsides. One of the major disadvantages of such is that the nationalism of our
country could be at stake as globalization brings people of all nations together. The
phenomenon of cultural homogenization which inevitably comes with globalization
can be harmful to the sense of nationalism of many Filipinos.
The primary purpose of this proposed study is to examine the revolutionary
ideals of significant people in Philippine history as prompted by the execution of
Jose Rizal. Synthesizing such ideals in the past can contribute in drawing conclusions
as to how Filipinos can maintain their sense of nationalism despite the growing
prevalence of cultural homogenization at present.
 This proposed research aims to analyze the series of uprising
events in Philippine history that was prompted by Rizal’s execution.
Moreover, this research also aims to synthesize the nature of these
events in order to draw significant conclusions regarding the impact of
Rizal’s death to modern day nationalism.
 By definition, nationalism refers to the ideology and movement of maintaining a nation’s sovereignty over its
homeland through the promotion of interests of one nation (Smith, 2014). According to Vincent Geoghegan & Rick Wilford
(2014), nationalism makes a nation capable of governing itself and is free from outside interference or interventions; and
thus, the political power is held and secured only within the said nation. Nationalism further extends to keeping intact one
common national identity based on shared culture, language, religion, politics and race (Yack, 2012). Furthermore,
nationalism seeks to preserve and uphold a nation’s cultural heritage (Sabanadze, 2009). This means that sustaining a sense
of nationalism among Filipinos requires protecting, preserving, and promoting Philippine Culture.
The advent of new technologies gave rise to the rapid expansion of globalization (Lamba & Malhotra, 2009). In a
much broader sense, globalization refers to the economic and cultural interdependence of various countries (Sheffield,
2013) caused by the cross-border trade in goods, services, technology, people and information. The integration between
different countries inevitably leads to cultural homogenization. This phenomenon is commonly defined as the reduction in
cultural diversity among countries (Barker, 2016). Davin O’Connor (2016), referred to cultural homogenization as "the
process by which local cultures are transformed or absorbed by a dominant outside culture". As we can observe in today’s
society, western culture seems to be more dominant as ever and this is due to the presence of cultural homogenization.
However, not all countries are open to this kind of advantage. Smaller cultures have a very limited chance of expressing
themselves worldwide because of the mass media distributed by larger cultures. Since Philippine culture is not quite large
enough or well-known, the country faces the disadvantage of being influenced by more dominant outside cultures.
Moreover, since culture plays a vital role in the national identity of a country, the nationalism of Filipinos therefore is at risk
of being weakened.
In order to avoid this possibility, looking back at the nationalistic movements in the past can contribute to the way
we cope with present issues on nationalism. Rizal is considered by many as the best candidate worthy to become the role
model and constant inspiration to all Filipinos (Espina-Clemente & Cruz, 2019). His execution has played a major role in
strengthening the movement toward revolution and fostering a deep sense of nationalism among Filipinos (Corgue, 2018).
Barker, C. (2016). Cultural studies: theory and practice. Los Angeles: SAGE.
Corgue, G. C. (2018, January 4). Rizal's death demonstrates bravery, deep sense of nationalism, says military official.
Retrieved from https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1003720
Espina-Clemente, J., & Cruz, G. (2019). The Life and Works of Rizal. Quezon City, Metro Manila: C & E Publishing Inc.
Geoghegan, V., & Wilford, R. (2014). Political Ideologies: an Introduction. Florence: Taylor and Francis.
Lamba, T., & Malhotra, H. (2009). Role of Technology in Globalization with Reference to Business Continuity. Global
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Sabanadze, N. (2009). Globalization and nationalism: the cases of Georgia and the Basque country. Budapest: Central
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Sheffield, J. (2013). Globalization yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Litchfield Park, AZ: Emergent Publ.
Smith, A. D. (2014). Nationalism: theory, ideology, history. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Yack, B. (2012). Nationalism and the moral psychology of community. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.