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Research II
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN?
It is a description of what a
researcher would like to find out
and how to find it out. He can use
as a guide the background of
information he gathered using his
preliminary research.
WHAT IS A RESEARCH DESIGN?
Before you can design an experiment, you
should:
1. Ask the questions you would like to be
answered;
2. Make an educated guess or state your
research hypothesis; and
3. Make a detailed description and explanation
of the procedure of your experiment.
WHAT IS A RESEARCH DESIGN?
After formulating a hypothesis, an experimental
procedure is designed for its verification. The
experimental procedure consists of four parts:
1. Selection of the appropriate materials for the test;
2. Specification of the variable to be measured;
3. Selection of the procedure to be used in the
measurement of the variable; and
4. Specification of the procedure to be used to
determine whether the measurements support the
hypothesis.
WHAT IS A RESEARCH DESIGN?
experimentation.
It minimizes the cost of
experimentation while
maximizing the gathered
information relevant to the
problem.
It also validates the statistical
test because it takes into
consideration all the
assumptions that went through
the process of deriving the
various statistics.
A research design is embodied in a research
proposal which is a written plan about what the
researcher proposes to do in his investigation.
A research proposal contains the following
sections:
1. Introduction
2. Review of related literature
3. Methodology or materials and methods
4. Literature cited
PLANNING A RESEARCH DESIGN
Replication
Randomization
Local control
Completely Randomized
Design (CRD)
Randomized Complete
Block Design (RCBD)
COMPLETELY RANDOMIZED DESIGN (CRD)
homogenous.
It is flexible and is limited only by the
number of experimental subjects.
It is possible that the number of replicates per
treatment is not the same for the different groups.
The loss of information due to missing observations is
small compared to those with other designs.
The accuracy of the design is reduced when the
experimental subjects differ significantly. Any
variations between the experimental subjects enter
into the experimental error.
It is appropriate to use CRD if the experimental
subjects have the same characteristics and if several
drop-outs are expected.
USING THE CRD
expected
USING THE RCBD