• The function of ideology as a cognitive structure • The function of ideology as the market orientation of ideological • The function of ideology as the norm • The function of ideology as the identity-forming • The function of ideology as the motivation function of ideology as education The power of ideology depends on the quality of the three dimensions contained in that ideology 1. The Dimensions of Reality - Rill in life - Sourced from the cultural and historical experience 2. The dimension of Idealism - Giving hope for a better future 3. Dimensions of Flexibility -Develop a new thought Ideology That Embraced Some Countries a. Capitalist - The economic system is mostly owned by the private sector for personal gain - Need government approval for professional activities b. Communism - Involving mastery of power through political parties (Lennon) - The theory of social change are directed toward the ideals of society without classes (Karl Marx) - Takeover of foreign ownership without compensation - All production is controlled by the state - Have been destroyed because the system was too stressed to the government and ignoring the people's interests Ideology That Embraced Some Countries c. Socialism - Requires government supervision of production and distribution - Profit is not the main goal - Example: The United Kingdom, France, Spain, Greece, Germany - Used by developing countries because of lack of capital, technology, expertise, management and labor d. Conservative - Minimize the Government's activities and maximize private ownership e. Liberal - The desire of a person or group of people over the Government to more involved in most aspects of human activities (economic, ownership and business settings) STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES According to Law Number 19 Year 2003, STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES is a business entity whose entire or part of its capital is owned by the state through direct participation derived from separated state assets Types Of STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES • Limited Liability Company - The companies whose capital is in the form of shares and part of the capital is owned by the stateIt - Established with the aim of making a profit - The status of the company is a legal entity and is given freedom of movement to cooperate with the private sector - Examples: PT. Pos Indonesia, PT. PLN, PT. Telkom, GIA (Garuda Indonesia Airways), PT. Bank Negara Indonesia, PT. Pelni, PT. Aneka Tambang, PT. KAI Other Types Of STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
Public Company - A state companies that are tasked with serving the interests of the wider community in the fields of production, distribution and consumption - Contoh: Perum Pegadaian, Perum Perumahan Umum Nasional (Perumnas), dan Perum Dinas Angkutan Motor Republik Indonesia (Damri) The Characteristics Of STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES • Full power in the hands of the Government All activities are controlled, managed and supervised by the government The government maintains stability and avoids fraud from irresponsible parties • Source of income of the country The State-Owned Enterprises is one of the main suppliers of state funds All profits obtained from all economic activities will enter the state treasury • All risks are borne by the Government All forms of power will be fully implemented by the government so whatever happens is the responsibility of the government, and all risks are also a matter of government The Characteristics Of STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES • Its products are in demand by all circles Providing products that are in demand and needed by the society When there are no products from State-Owned Enterprise, the people will be confused and don't know the direction • Serving public interests & public services The main task is to do public services and public interests (electricity, water, communication, etc.). While for public services include BPJS, train tickets, etc • The share can be owned by the community Other parties also have the right to own shares in State-owned enterprise Share ownership by outside parties may not be more than 50% of the shares owned by State-owned enterprise
