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PERSONALITY, PERCEPTION

AND ATTRIBUTION
INDIVIDUALS ARE UNIQUE IN TERMS OF THEIR SKILLS,
ABILITIES, PERSONALITIES, PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES,
EMOTIONS, AND ETHICS

BY: - ABHISHEK BHARATI


ANJALI KUMARI
DEEPAK KUMAR
MONALISHA
PRIYANKA KUMARI
SURAJ KUMAR
VIDYANAND KUMAR PASWAN
RISHAV KUMAR SINGH
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES

 The way in which factors such as skills, abilities,


personalities, perceptions, attitudes, values, and
ethics differ from one individual to another.
 The basis for understanding individual differences
stems from Lewin’s early contention that behaviour
is a function of the person and the environment.
 B = f (P, E), where B= behaviour, P= person, and E =
environment.
PERSONALITY

 A relatively stable set of characteristics that influence


an individual’s behaviour.
 While researchers have identified hundreds of
personality characteristics, there are three
particularly with strong influences on individual
behaviour in organisations.
Characteristics

Core self- Self- Positive/Negative


evaluations monitoring affect
Locus of Control
Self esteem
Self efficacy
Emotional stability
PERSONALITY THEORIES

THEORIES

Integrative
Trait Theory The Big Five
Approach

States that in order • Extraversion Describes


to understand • Agreeableness personality as a
individuals, we • Conscientiousness composite of an
must break down • Emotional stability individual’s
behaviour patterns • Openness to psychological
into a series of experience processes
observable traits
APPLICATION OF PERSONALITY THEORY

a) Projective tests
b) Behavioural measures
c) Self-report questionnaires
SOCIAL PERCEPTION

 The process of interpreting information about


another person.
 The factors that affect it are:-
a) Characteristics of the perceiver
b) Characteristics of the target
c) Characteristics of the situation
BARRIERS TO SOCIAL PERCEPTION

a) Selective perception
b) Stereotyping
c) First-impression error
d) Projection
e) Self-fulfilling prophecies.
ATTRIBUTION THEORY

 A theory that explains how individuals pinpoint the


causes of their own behaviour and that of the others.
 It is affected by:-
a) Internal and External Attributions
b) Attributional Biases

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