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- circles can
 In a plane, two

intersect in two
points, one point,
or no points.
 Coplanar circles
that intersect in
one point are
called tangent
circles.
 Coplanar circles
that have a
common center
are called 2 points of intersection.
concentric.
Tangent circles
 A line or segment
that is tangent to
two coplanar
circles is called a
common tangent.
 A common Internally
internal tangent tangent
intersects the
segment that joins
the centers of the
two circles.
 A common
external tangent
does not intersect
the segment that
joins the center of
the two circles.
Concentric circles
Circles that
No points of
have a
intersection
common
center are
called
concentric
circles.
Concent
ric
circles
Identifying common tangents
Tell whether k
the
common
tangents C D

are internal j
or external.
 Identifying common
tangents
Tell whether the
common
tangents are
A

internal or
B

external.
The lines m and n In a plane, the interior of a
do not intersect circle consists of the points that
are inside the circle. The
AB, so they are
exterior of a circle consists of
common the points that are outside the
external circle.
tangents.
The Power Theorems
Theorem:
 If two chords of a circle
intersect inside the circle, then
the product of the measures of
the segments of one chord is
equal to the product of the
measures of the segments of
the other chord. (Chord-
Chord Power Theorem)
Solve for x:
 6•2 = 3x
 12 = 3x
 x=4
Theorem :
 If a tangent segment and a secant
segment are drawn from an external
point to a circle, then the square of the
measure of the tangent segment is
equal to the product of the measures
of the entire secant segment and its
external part. (Tangent-Secant Power
Theorem)
Solve for y:

 y2 = 2 •18
 y = ±6 (reject -6)
 y=6
Theorem :
 If two secant segments are
drawn from an external point to
a circle, then the product of the
measures of one secant and its
external part is equal to the
product of the measures at the
other secant segment and its
external part. (Secant-secant
Power Theorem)
Solve for z:
4 •(8 + 4) = 3z

4 •12 = 3z

16 = z
Tangent segment PT measures 8 cm. The
radius of the circle is 6 cm. Find the
distance from P to the circle.
 Draw a picture of tangent PT.
 Draw a secant segment from P
through the center of the circle.
 Use Tangent-Secant Power
Theorem.
 (PQ)(PS)=(PT)2
 x(x + 12) = 82
 x2 + 12x – 64 = 0
 (x – 4)(x + 16) = 0
 x = 4 or -16
 PQ = 4 cm
INTERSECTIONS ON OR INSIDE A CIRCLE
S B

F
E D

A line that intersects a circle in exactly two points is called

a secant. In the figure above, SF and EF are secants of
the circle.

When two secants intersect inside a circle, the angles

formed are related to the arcs they intercept.
Theorem
If a secant and a tangent intersect at the
point of tangency, then the measure of each
angle formed is one half the measure of the
intercepted arc.

B D
1 A
mABC  mBC
2
1
mDBC  mBEC
2 C
E
Secant-Tangent Angle

Find the mRPS if

mPT = 114° P
R

and mTS = 136°

Q
S
114 B
°
T
136
°
 Theorem
If two secants, a secant and a tangent, or two tangents
intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of the
angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
Two Secants Secant-Tangent Two Tangents

C D D
E
B
B B C C
D
A
A A
1 1 1
mA  (mDE  mBC ) mA  (mDE  mBC ) mA  (mBDC  mBC )
2 2 2
Example 5 Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

x
120 °
50°
°
Example 6 Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

62
141 x °
° °
Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

11 x
° °

1
11  [(360  x)  x]
2
22  360  2 x
 338  2 x
169  x