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b) longitudinal studies
a) cross-sectional research
- morpheme studies were carried out to
investigate the order of a range of grammatical
functions in the speech of L2 learners
b) longitudinal studies
- tried to account for the gradual growth of
competence in terms of the strategies learned
by a L2L at different development points
2) Topic nomination
3) Topic development
5) Topic termination
1) Attention getting
10/2/2019 LANGUAGE THEORIES: Discourse Theory 49
Rules of Conversation
1) Attention getting
“As one learns how to do conversation, one learns how to interact verbally, and
out of this interaction, syntactic structures are developed.”
10/2/2019 LANGUAGE THEORIES: Discourse Theory 78
Implications to
Language Learning and Teaching