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Basics of Solar PV System
Power generation
changes daily
DC
Solar Energy PV Module Electricity
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Input Conversion Output
Basics of Solar PV System
Solar PV System
Solar PV System consists of 4 components
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Basics of Solar PV System
Basic Components
PV Module
PV Module converts Solar energy into Electricity, the owner
generation is during daytime only and Efficient life up 20
years
Battery
Battery stores electricity during daytime and provide energy
during night time.
Charge Controller
Charge controller protects battery from over charge and over
discharge
DC-AC Inverter
Inverter converts DC to AC voltage for AC system. AC system
not efficient compared to the DC system, however, it is more
convenient for users.
DC Light
DC fluorescent light (built-in inverter) is used for DC system
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Basics of Solar PV System
Controller
(10A)
Fluorescent light
(12V DC 20W)
Compact Fluorescent light
Switch
(12V DC 11W)
Battery
(100Ah)
SHS (AC)
AC system is convenient for users because of easy availability of
appliances
Less efficient and higher cost than DC system
PV Panel
(100W) Inverter
( 12V DC 220V AC, 150W)
Controller
(10A)
Fluorescent light
(220V AC 20W)
Compact Fluorescent light
Switch
(220V AC 11W)
Battery
(100Ah)
PV Array (300Wp)
Battery (70Ah)
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Basics of Solar PV System
120V DC
~ 300V DC
220V AC
Storage of Electricity
(Battery)
Expensive system
High quality electricity
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Basics of Solar PV System
Available Power
for Quick calculation only
Inverter efficiency
4kWh/m2 per day
( 4 peak sun hours ) 90%
Power demand per Household
270Wh ~ 380Wh/day
10kWp
80%
Line efficiency
Output 90%
efficiency
10kWp x 4h = 40.0kWh Charging efficiency
20kWh / 270Wh = 74HH
PV : x 80% = 32.0kWh 20kWh / 380Wh = 52HH
Battery : x 80% = 25.6kWh 80%
Inverter: x 90% = 23.0kWh
Lines : x 90% = 20.7kWh 10kWp PV system can produce 20kWh
10kWp PV system can supply 52HH ~ 74HH
10kWp x 4h x 50% = 20kWh
= 10kWp x 2h = 20kWh
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Grid Tied System
Hybrid System
Basics of Solar PV System
Daily Power Consumption is a total energy that is consumed in one day (Wh)
Limited by PV array capacity (Daily Power Generation)
14.0 14.0
12.0
Daily Power Consumption = 79 kWh Peak load = 10 kW 12.0
10.0 10.0
Load (kW)
8.0 8.0
6.0 6.0
4.0 4.0
2.0 2.0
0.0 0.0
00:00 03:00 06:00 09:00 12:00 15:00 18:00 21:00 00:00
Time
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