 Types of Helical Gear :-

 Helical Gear :- In helical gear the teeth are at an angle known as helix angle with an axis of
gear.

 Types of helical gear :-

(1) Parallel axis helical gear

(i) Internal gear pair

(ii) External gear pair

(iii) Rack and pinion

(2) Crossed helical gear

 Advantages And Limitation of helical gear
 Advantages :-

 In helical gears, the contact between the meshing tooth begins as a point
contact.
 It gradually extends as a line contact along the diagonal across the tooth.
This gradually engagement result in lower dynamic load evan at high pitch
line velocities.
 In helical gear the operation is smoother and quitter because of gradual
engagement.
 In helical gears, the contact ratio is high as compare to spur gears.
load carrying capacity of helical gear is more compare to spur gear.
The less noise produced during the operation as compared to spur gear.

 Limitation :-

 Helical gear creates axial thrust on the shaft and the bearings.
Helical gears are costlier than spur gears.
 Terminology of helical gear :-
1. Helix angle
2. Transverse circular pitch and Transverse module
3. Normal circular pitch and normal module
4. Axial pitch
5. Transverse pressure angle
6. Normal pressure angle
7. Leading edge and Trailing edge
8. Face width
9. Total contact ratio
10. Gear ratio
11. Centre distance 12. Tooth proportions
1. Helix angle :- Helix is an angle made by helix with the axis of rotation or it is
an angle made by teeth with the axis of rotation.
2. Transverse circular pitch() and Transverse module() :-
• circular pitch measured in the transverse plane is called Transverse
circular pitch.
• similarly, the module in the transverse plane is called transverse module.
п𝑑
𝑃𝑡 =
𝑧
𝑃𝑡 𝑑
and 𝑚𝑡 = =
п 𝑧
where, 𝑃𝑡 = transverse circular pitch, mm
𝑚𝑡 = transverse module, mm
d = pitch circle diameter, mm
z = number of teeth
3. Normal circular pitch(𝑃𝑛 ) and normal module(𝑚𝑛 ) :-
• circular pitch measured in the normal plane is called normal circular pitch.
• similarly, the module in the normal plane is called normal module.
𝑃𝑛
𝑚𝑛 =
п
4. Axial pitch(𝑃𝑎 ) :-
Axial pitch is the distance between the corresponding points on the
adjacent teeth measured on the pitch surface in the axial direction.
𝑃𝑡
𝑃𝑎 =
𝑡𝑎𝑛Ѱ
5. Transverse pressure angle(ᶲ𝑡 ) :-
Pressure angle measured in the transverse plane or rotation is called
transverse pressure angle.
6. Normal pressure angle(ᶲ𝑛 ) :-
pressure angle measured in the normal plane or plane
perpendicular to the teeth is called normal pressure angle.
𝑡𝑎𝑛ᶲ𝑛
tanᶲ𝑡 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠Ѱ
7. Loading edge and trailing edge :-
The leading edge of helical gear tooth is the first point on the
tooth to come in contact with its meshing tooth on the
other gear.
8. Face width(b) :-
Face width is the length of the gear tooth measured along
a line parallel to the gear axis.
9. Total contact ratio :-
The total contact ratio of the helical gear pair is the sum of
transverse contact ratio and face contact ratio.
10. Gear ratio(G) :-
It is the ratio of the number of teeth on gear to the number
of teeth on pinion.
𝑍𝑔 𝑑𝑔 𝑛𝑝
G= = =
𝑍𝑝 𝑑𝑝 𝑛𝑔
11. Centre Distance(a) :-
It is the distance between the axis of two mating gears.
𝑑𝑝 +𝑑𝑔 𝑧𝑝 +𝑧𝑔
a= = 𝑚𝑡 [ ]
2 2
 𝑚𝑛 𝑧𝑝 +𝑧𝑔
= [ ]
𝑐𝑜𝑠Ѱ 2
𝑚𝑛 𝑧𝑝 +𝐺𝑧𝑝
= [ ]
𝑐𝑜𝑠Ѱ 2
𝑚𝑛 𝑧𝑝
a = [1+G]
2𝑐𝑜𝑠Ѱ

12. Tooth proportions :-

Addendum ℎ𝑎 = 1𝑚𝑛 and
dedendum ℎ𝑓 = 1.25𝑚𝑛
 Reference :-
 Tech-max publication by R.B.Patil
 www.slideshare.com
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