Lecture-1

CE-604:Advance Construction Technology

Prof. Samirsinh P Parmar

Asst. Prof. Dharmasinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, INDIA
Mail: samirddu@gmail.com
2 BELT-CONVEYORS
3 Classification

Portable or
Self contained

Feeders or
Belt conveyor
series

Side
Discharge or
Spreader
4 ADVANTAGES

• Range of capacities
• Reliability
• Versatility
• Low Labor
• Low energy
5 COMPONENTS
Head
Belt Pulley
Carrying
Idlers

Return
Tail Idlers
Pulley
Page 300, Fig 11-3
6 BELT WIDTH

• The size of materials that can be

conveyed is limited by the width of
the belt.
• Crushing plants may be required to
reduce lump size for handling on a
belt conveyor.
7 BELT WIDTH

Belt width is expressed in inches.

Common US widths are:

18 24 30 36
42 48 54 60
72 84 96
8 Material Characteristics

Angle of repose of a material is the angle

the surface of a freely formed pile makes
with a horizontal plane.

θ
 9

Properties of
Material to be
conveyed
10 Material Characteristics

Angle of surcharge is the angle to a

horizontal plane that the surface of a material
assumes while at rest on a moving conveyor
belt. This angle is usually 5O to 15O less than
the angle of repose.
11
12 BELT SPEEDS
Recommended maximum speeds.

Material Speed, Belt

fpm Width
Clay 400 18
Overburden 600 24-36
Fine crushed 800 42-60
stone 1000 72-96
Course 350 18
crushed 500 24-36
stone 600 over 36
 Belt Width vs Belt Speed table
13
14 CAPACITY

With a uniform feed the cross-sectional area of

the load on the belt determines the conveyor
capacity.
Fig. 11-5 depicts the cross-sectional area for a
troughed belt.

Page 302
15 SLOPE

Conveyors follow existing terrain

on grades to 35%. Capacity does
drop as the angle increases,
however, truck haulage is limited
to less than 10% in most cases.
16 BELT MAGNETS

Metal objects can

be removed from
material during
conveying.
17 DESIGN

Factors affecting design:

• Lump size
• Bulk density
• Angle of repose
• Abrasiveness
18 CONVEYOR BELT

The belt is a large

portion of the initial cost
of a system and it is a
major operating cost.
19 CONVEYOR BELT

Improper loading will result in

accelerated belt wear, spillage,
and reduced capacity.
20 Belt Power and Tension
21
22
23 BELT TAKE-UPS

Weighted pulley,
uniform tension
take-up.
24 BELT and Pulley Arrangement
25 IDLERS

Carrying idlers support the loaded run of belt,

two configurations.
• Trough, with the two outer rollers inclined
upward and the center roller horizontal.
• Flat, a single horizontal roller.
26 IDLERS
Idlers influence capacity, belt life, and
operational success of the conveyor.

20O trough idlers

27 IDLERS Sliding resistance between the
belt and idler rolls is generated
when the idler rolls are not
exactly 90O to the belt movement.
28 SLIDING RESISTANCE
29 RETURN IDLERS
Return idlers contact the “dirty” side of
the belt, resulting in abrasive wear to
the idler surface.
30 IDLERS

Self-Cleaning return idlers

31 IDLER SPACING

Belt weight, material weight, idler rating, belt

rating and belt tension effect idler spacing.
See Table 11-5 for recommended maximum
spacing's. Spacing is normally varied in 6-in.
increments.
32 IDLER SPACING
33 IDLER SPACING
34 POWER REQUIRED

• Power required is calculated from belt tension.

• The force required to drive a belt conveyor
must be transmitted from the drive pulley to
the belt.
• This is accomplished by friction between their
two surfaces.
35 Check List for large conveyor systems
36 Check List for large conveyor systems
37 Check List for large conveyor systems
38
Typical Conveyor Belts in Working
39 Typical Conveyor Belts in Working
40
41
42
43 References
44