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Group Influence:

How does the


presence of others
affect us?
When running a race?
When taking a test?
When watching a game?
Tug-of-war?
When performing at a recital?
Expressing anger?
When doing a group project?
Question 1: Does the presence of others enhance
or diminish performance?
Group Situation How is Arousal Sense of Task Concept name
behavior Responsibi difficulty
altered by lity
presence
of others?

Competing with
others in a 50 m
dash.

Subtracting large
numbers in your
head quickly

A group project
where everyone
gets the same
grade.

Watching your
favorite
basketball team
with friends
Question 1: Does the presence of others enhance
or diminish performance?
Group Situation How is Arousal Sense of Task Concept name
behavior Responsibi difficulty
altered by lity
presence
of others?

Competing with Enhanced high High Easy Social


others in a 50 m facilitation
dash.

Subtracting large Diminished high high hard Social


numbers in your inhibition
head quickly

A group project Diminished Low Low Social loafing


where everyone
gets the same
grade.

Watching your Uninhibite High low Deindividuati


favorite d on
basketball team
with friends
Question 1: Does the presence of others enhance
or diminish performance?
Group Situation How is Arousal Sense of Task Concept name
behavior Responsibi difficulty
altered by lity
presence
of others?

Competing with Enhanced high High Easy Social


others in a 50 m facilitation
dash.

Subtracting large Diminished high high hard Social


numbers in your inhibition
head quickly

A group project Diminished Low Low Social loafing


where everyone
gets the same
grade.

Watching your Uninhibite High low Deindividuati


favorite d on
basketball team
with friends
Question 1: Does the presence of others enhance
or diminish performance?
Group Situation How is Arousal Sense of Task Concept name
behavior Responsibi difficulty
altered by lity
presence
of others?

Competing with Enhanced high High Easy Social


others in a 50 m facilitation
dash.

Competing with Diminished high high hard Social


others to inhibition
subtract large
numbers in your
head quickly

A group project Diminished Low Low Social loafing


where everyone
gets the same
grade.

Watching your Uninhibite High low Deindividuati


favorite d on
basketball team
with friends
Question 1: Does the presence of others enhance
or diminish performance?
Group Situation How is Arousal Sense of Task Concept name
behavior Responsibi difficulty
altered by lity
presence
of others?

Competing with Enhanced high High Easy Social


others in a 50 m facilitation
dash.

Subtracting large Diminished high high hard Social


numbers in your inhibition
head quickly

A group project Diminished Low Low Social loafing


where everyone
gets the same
grade.

Watching your Uninhibite High low Deindividuati


favorite d on
basketball team
with friends
• Who do you want deciding your fate – a single person or a group of
people?
Group polarization
Groupthink
Factors that contribute:
1. High group unity
2. Group works in isolation
3. Members don’t share information unique to themselves
4. Stress about the decision
5. Dominating leadership
6. No methodical procedures for appraisal
Social Influence can be...
1. Informational - we are influenced by information from others.
2. Normative - we are influenced by a desire to fit in to a group.
Common norms
Social reciprocity norm - I will be nice to people who are nice to
me.

Social responsibility norm - I will take care people who rely on


me or otherwise need my help
Persuasion
• Tom Haverford PowerPoint Presentation
Central Route to Persuasion - encourages
people to think carefully about relevant information
Peripheral Route to Persuasion -
distracts people from relevant information
Which is better?
It depends on
…who you are persuading—people have definite
preferences
…the impact of the decision (who wants to make a
pro and con list to decide which shoes to wear
today?)
…how long you need the persuasion to last (until
you’ve walked out the door with my product or
for the entire 30-day money-back guarantee
period?)

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