HSE

ACCIDENT INJURE
• UNSAVE ACT
• UNSAVE CONDITION
• NO SAFETY REGULATION
REDUCING UNSAFE ACTS
• WHAT IS AN UNSAFE ACT?
• An unsafe act is any personal characteristic
or condition that may cause or influence an
employee to act unsafely.
• These conditions may be mental, emotional
or physical.
• Some of the types of unsafe acts could be:
• unaware of the job hazard,
• inattention to job hazards,
• low level of job skill or inadequately
• trained for a specific job.
• It could be the employee tried to avoid extra
effort or tried to gain or save time by taking
a shortcut.
Safety Engineers
• Safety Engineers have always relied upon three essentials.
• Education,
• Engineering and
• Enforcement.
Education
• Education means training, explaining the proper procedures of job
responsibilities, safety rules and of course, constant,awareness for
working and acting safely.
• EMPLOYEE SAFETY ORIENTATION
Engineering
• Engineering is finding safety hazards and correcting them before they
contribute to an accident. Engineering also includes proper selection
of equipment and facilities.
• Engineering focuses primarily on physical hazards in the workplace,
but can also include job safety analysis, ergonomics and other safety
engineering functions.
enforcement
• enforcement of safety rules. It doesn't do any good to have rules if
they aren't enforced.
• This program addresses the enforcement of safety rules, so let's begin
with some information relating to the causes of most injuries in the
workplace.
• Enforcement of safety rules has always been management’s
responsibility.
• Management is required to investigate accidents and take corrective
action to prevent similar accidents.
• It's alittle more complicated than that. Management is legally
required to enforce safety rules.
safety program
• safety program to be judged effective, there are several elements or tests
the program must pass.
• 1. Does the company have written safety rules and procedures?
• 2. Are employees advised of these rules through education and training?
• 3. Is the training documented? Documentation includes what information
was taught, when it was taught and who provided the instruction.
• 4. Are safety hazards identified and corrected. This is why routine safety
inspections are necessary and Action taken to correct identified
deficiencies.
• 5. Are safety rules enforced? If yes, management must prove this with
documentation. That's what we want to talk about now.
CHEMICAL SAFETY
• Basically, there are four types of chemicals. Let's take a look at what they are:
• l. Toxic agents
• These are chemicals that are poisonous to you, and can act upon the body very rapidly.
Hydrogen sulfide and cyanide are examples of toxic agents.
• 2. Corrosives
• This type of chemical is usually an irritant. corrosives can damage your body by burning,
scalding or inflaming body tissues. Examples of corrosives are chlorine, hydrochloric acid,
of course, battery acid.
• 3. Flammables
• Flammables are the chemicals that burn readily. They may explode or burn if sparks,
flames or other ignition sources are present. Examples are gasoline, benzene and ethyl
ether.
• 4.Reactives
• Reactive chemicals are those that require stability and careful handling. Some of them
can explode or react violently if the container is dropped or hit. Other reactives may
react violently if mixed improperly with other substances. Nitroglycerine is an example of
a reactive chemical.
 basic safety tips about chemicals
• 1. Read the label.It will tell you what you need to know about your chemical. If you find you need more
information, ask your supervisor for a copy of the material safety data sheet.The msds gives more technical
information about the chemical than the label.
• 2. Dress the part. Wear the proper safety protection, clothing and equipment as required.
• 3. Follow directions.If the label says, use only with adequate ventilation make sure you do so. Never mix
chemicals unless you've been trained and authorized by your company.
• 4. Know emergency procedures.Be familiar with first aid procedures, and be sure to know where the
emergency eye wash showers are located;also know where emergency phone numbers are posted.
• 5. Be careful!Don't work alone, make sure there is someone there to help you if necessary. Don't try to
hurry or take shortcuts,you just can't rush safety! Don't roughhouse or goof around. Chemical safety is a job
for professionals.
• 6. Report any suspected problems.If you notice any malfunctioning equipment or any electrical equipment
that is in need of repair, report it to your supervisor immediately. Also report any suspected problems with
your chemicals, if the chemical odor has hanged or is unusual, don't use that chemical. It may have changed
with time. Report anything unusual to your supervisor.
• 7.Keep your work area neat, clean and organized.You'll know where everything is, and you'll be able to work
more efficiently.
• 8. Store everything properly.Make sure to close containers tightly. Keep flammables in a safe area, and use
only the smallest amount necessary for the job. Store compressed gas in leak- free containers
CHEMICAL HAZARD
• A hazardous chemical is any chemical that poses a physical or health
hazard. Physical hazards include combustible liquids, compressed gas,
explosive or flammable liquid, organic peroxides, oxidizers, or
pyrophoric chemicals.
• Health hazards include those chemicals creating acute or chronic
health effects.
• Basically anything that can damage the eyes, lungs, skin or mucous
membranes.
• All this tells you is practically every chemical at home or work has a
potential physical or health hazard. Of course, each chemical has
varying degrees of hazards and for that reason it's critical for you to
read and follow the instructions and warnings labels on all chemicals.
MSDS
• MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET on every chemical in the workplace.
This MSDS is provided by the chemical manufacturer and contains
information on each chemical. A chemical inventory is maintained
and if a new chemical, such as a new cleaner or paint, is introduced...
a MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET will be added.
• The MSDS serves several important functions. The information on the
MSDS is used by management to determine the type of safety
equipment needed to protect against potential hazards.
• The information is also the basis for policies and procedures to reduce
potential physical and health hazards, including how to safely use,
store, handle and dispose of a particular chemical. The information
contained in the Material Safety Data Sheet is available to you, if
you're interested in more information about a specific chemical. All
you have to do is check the information on the data sheet.
 TYPE INFORMATION MSDS
• review what type of information is contained on the data sheet.
• Section 1 is product identification, manufacturer and identifies the chemical and trade names of the substance.
• Section 2 lists the hazardous ingredients including hazardous mixtures of liquids, solids or gases. This section also lists any
carcinogenic or cancer causing components, if any are contained in the chemical.
• Section 3 explains the physical characteristics of the substance. This section gives engineering and management
information on flash points, solubility rate, evaporation rate and other physical characteristics to help determine how to
use the chemical safely.
• Section 4 deals with fire and explosion hazards and extinguishing fires containing this chemical. It's always a good idea to
notify your local fire department if you use chemicals requiring special fire fighting techniques or equipment.
• Section 5 contains reactivity information, such as what chemicals, liquids or substances may react to this particular
chemical.
• Section 6 is extremely important, as it explains potential health hazards. You need to know if the substance is harmful,
then take the required precautions to reduce exposure. Section 6 also includes emergency first aid and emergency
procedures.
• Section 7 explains the type of protective equipment or engineering controls required to reduce exposure. It may specify
safety glasses, gloves, respirators, ventilation equipment or other hygiene procedures.
• Section 8 contains procedures for spills or leaks. You can't just wash spilled chemicals down the drain, or mop them up
and throw the residue in the trash. Each chemical has specific procedures that must be carefully followed. This
information is also used to prepare emergency action plans.
MSDS
• A Material Safety Data Sheet, often referred to by its acronym MSDS,
is a detailed informational document prepared by the manufacturer
or importer of a hazardous chemical which describes the physical and
chemical properties of the product. Information included in a
Material Safety Data Sheet aids in the selection of safe products,
helps employers and employees understand the potential health and
physical hazards of a chemical and describes how to respond
effectively to exposure situations.
• The format of a Material Safety Data Sheet may vary but there is
specific information that must be included in each sheet. It is useful
to review this information to increase your ability to use a Material
Safety Data Sheet.
• All Material Safety Data Sheets should include the following
information:
• Section I of the MSDS lists information identifying the
• manufacturer and the product.
• Manufacturer's name, address and telephone number
• Number to call in case of emergency involving product
• Chemical name and synonyms
• Trade name and synonyms
• Chemical family and formula
• CAS# (Chemical Abstract Service) for pure materials
SECTION 2
• Section II describes the various hazardous ingredients contained in the
product, the percentages, and exposure
• limits when appropriate. All hazardous chemicals which
• comprise 1% or greater of the mixture will be identified.
• Carcinogens will be listed if their concentrations are 0.1%
• or greater. If a component is not listed, it has been
• judged to be non-hazardous or is considered proprietary
• information by the manufacturer. The types of
• components that might be listed include: Pigments, catalysts, vehicles,
solvents, additives, others
• Base metals, alloys, metallic coatings, fillers, hazardous
• mixtures of other
• liquids, solids or gases
• Section III describes the physical properties of the
• material.
• - Boiling point
• - Specific gravity
• - Vapor pressure
• - Percent volatile
• - Vapor density
• - Evaporation rate
• - Solubility in water
• - Appearance and odor
• Section IV describes the fire and explosion hazard data for
• the material. Based on the flash point and other fire and
• explosion data, the appropriate extinguishing agent for
• fires involving the material will be listed. Special
• procedures may also be listed.
• Flash point
• Lower and upper explosive limits (LEL/UEL)
• Extinguishing agent - water, dry chemical, foam, halon,
• etc.
• Unusual fire and explosion hazards, toxic fumes
• Section V describes the known health hazards associated
• with the material, applicable exposure limits and
• symptoms/health effects associated with overexposure.
• This information will help the user and medical personnel
• recognize if an overexposure has occurred.
• Threshold Limit Value
• Effects of overexposure: headache, nausea, narcosis,
• irritation, weakness, etc.
• Primary routes of exposure: inhalation, skin, ingestion
• Cancer or other special health hazards
• Emergency and first aid procedures for ingestion,
• inhalation and skin or eye contact
• Section VI describes reactivity data; that is, the material's
• ability to react and release energy or heat under certain
• conditions or when it comes in contact with certain
• substances.
• Stability: stable; unstable; conditions to avoid
• Incompatibility: materials to avoid
• Hazardous decomposition products
• Hazardous polymerizations: conditions to avoid
• Section VII gives instructions for the steps to be taken in
• case of an accidental release or spill. The steps normally
• include information on containment, evacuation
• procedures and waste disposal as appropriate. The
• statements on the Material Safety Data Sheet are very
• general; more specific information is available from your
• supervisor or the department chemical hygiene
• officer/laboratory supervisor.
• Steps to be taken in case material is released or spilled
• Waste disposal methods
• Section VIII describes the protective equipment for the
• individual who might have to work with the substance.
• This section normally describes worst case conditions;
• therefore, the extent to which personal protective
• equipment is required is task dependent. Contact your
• supervisor or department Chemical Hygiene
• Officer/Laboratory Supervisor for specific instructions if
• you are unsure.
• Respiratory equipment: dust mask; chemical cartridge
• respirator;
• self-contained breathing apparatus
• Ventilation: local; general; special
• Protective gloves: type; fabrication material
• Eye protection: goggles; face shield
• Other protective equipment
• Section IX describes handling and storage procedures to
• be taken with the material. Information may include
• statements, such as: keep container closed; store in a
• cool, dry, well ventilated area; keep refrigerated (caution:
• flammable solvents require a "flammable storage
• refrigerator"); avoid exposure to sunlight; etc.
• Section X describes any special precautions or
• miscellaneous information regarding the material.
• Manufacturers may withhold certain information as
• proprietary (such as hazardous ingredients) on a Material
• Safety Data Sheet if the information is considered a trade
• secret.