BLUETOOTH BASED SMART SENSOR

NETWORKS
 INTRODUCTION
Various sensors are already in broad use today as part of different
devices or as standalone devices connected to a network.
Wireless communication have enhanced development of small, low
power and low cost devices.
Bluetooth is a low cost, short range, wireless technology with small
footprint, low power consumption and reasonable throughput.
 BLUETOOTH
Bluetooth specifications are:
• Developed by: Jaap Harsteen and Sven Mattisson in Sweden
• Standard: IEEE 802.15
• ISM Band Frequency: 2.4 GHz
• Range: 10 – 100 meters
• Channel Bandwidth: 1 Mbps
• Maximum Asymmetric Data Transfer Rate: 721 Kbps
 BLUETOOTH TOPOLOGY

 Depending on the type of connections established between

various Bluetooth devices, 2 main topologies are :
• PICONET TOPOLOGY
• SCATTERNET TOPOLOGY
To any topology, there are 2 prime components :
• MASTER DEVICE
• SLAVE DEVICE
 PICONET TOPOLOGY
Piconet is a collection of upto 8 devices.
When piconet is established, one device sets up frequency-
hopping pattern and other devices synchronize their signals to the
same pattern.
Those devices which sets the frequency hopping pattern are
called primary devices.
Those devices which get synchronized are called secondary
devices.
 PICONET TOPOLOGY(CONTD.)
Each piconet has one master and upto 7 slaves.
 PICONET TOPOLOGY(CONTD.)
For establishing piconet connection, other bluetooth devices in
range are discovered by an inquiry procedure.
 SCATTERNET TOPOLOGY
Scatternet consists of several piconets connected by devices
participating in multiple piconet.
Using scatternet higher throughput is available & multihop
connections between devices in different piconets is possible.
 SMART SENSOR NETWORKS

It is to ensure interoperability among various Bluetooth

manufactures’ devices.
One such application is : WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
(WSN).
Important features of WSN: Collaboration of network nodes
during execution and Data Centric nature.
Many smart sensor nodes scattered in the field collect data and
send it to users via ‘gateway’ using multi-hop routes.
 WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS(WSN)

WSN consists of number of small devices with a sensing unit,

microprocessors, wireless communication interface and power
source.
Two main operations performed by WSN are:
• QUERING
• TASKING
 WSN(CONTD.)

Functions of gateway:
• Communication with sensor networks
• Gateway logic
• Communication with users
 SMART SENSOR NODE ARCHITECTURE
Implementation of pressure sensor as bluetooth node is shown as
follows:
 BLUETOOTH HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

Bluetooth Hardware consists of 3 main functional modules:

• 2.4 GHz Bluetooth RF Transceiver Unit
• Link Management Unit
• Host Controller Interface
 BLUETOOTH HARDWARE
ARCHITECTURE(CONTD.)

Host controller interface consists of:

• Link controller
• CPU Core
• Link Manager
Bluetooth Module also incorporates Higher-Level Software Protocols,
governing the functionality and interoperability with other modules.
BLUETOOTH HARDWARE
ARCHITECTURE(CONTD.)
 COMMUNICATION WITH SMART SENSOR
NODES
Initialization of gateway and Bluetooth Inquiry Procedure.
Setting of parameters and assigning type of devices and sensors.
Description by Service-Class Field.
Else, service database of the discovered smart node is searched
for sensor services.
Lastly, Bluetooth link is established and data exchange with smart
node starts.
 APPLICATIONS OF SENSOR NETWORKS
Military Applications:
• Monitoring friendly forces, equipment and ammunition.
• Nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection.
Environmental Applications:
• Forest fire detection.
• Flood detection and precision agriculture.
Health Applications:
• Tracking and monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital.
• Drug administration in hospitals.
ADVANTAGES:
• No line of sight restrictions for signal transmitting.
• Interoperability.
• Mass production at low cost.
• Less power consumption makes its usage in battery powered
devices very practical.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Average speed.
• Less range.
 CONCLUSION

The sensor-networked architecture heralds wireless future for

home and also for industrial implementation.
Implementation of Bluetooth not only cuts wiring cost but also
integrates industrial environment to smarter environment.
Bluetooth is continually expanding technology with over 15000
companies working on bluetooth.