Communication

Overview
 What is communication?
 Components of the Communication Process
 Kinds of Interference
 Nine Principles of Effective Communication
 Ethical Considerations in Communication
 Types of Communication
 Functions of Communication
Overview
 Communication and Globalization
 Local and Global Communication in
Multicultural Setting
 Communication Patterns According to
Nationalities
 Australia
 Turkey
 Communication is

 The process of meaning-making through a

channel or a medium. It comes from the
Latin communicares, meaning to share or
to make ideas common.
The Communication Process
Sender Encoding

Channel Noise Message

Barrier
Feedback Channel

Decoding Receiver
 The Communication Process

 Sender/Source –
carefully crafts the
message.
Example: an author
of a book, a public
speaker, or even a traffic
enforcer
 The Communication Process
 Message – the reason
behind any interaction.
The meaning shared
between the sender
and the receiver.
Example: poems,
songs, essays, news
articles, road signs and
even symbols.
 The Communication Process

 Channel – the means by

which a message is
conveyed.
Example: phone,
letter
The Communication Process
 Receiver – the
person who receives
the transmitted
message.
Example:
audience, reader of
the letter
 The Communication Process
 Feedback – essential to confirm recipient
understanding.
Example: nodding, frawning
 The Communication Process
 Environment – the place, the feeling, the
mood, the mindset and the condition of
both sender and receiver.
Example: physical set -up
 The Communication Process

 Context – involves the expectations

of the sender and the receiver and
the common shared understandings
through the environmental signals.
 The Communication Process

 Interference – also known as barrier or

block that prevents effective
communication to take place.
Example: noise
BARRIERS FOR EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
 Kinds of Interference

 Psychological barriers – thoughts that

hamper the message to be interpreted
correctly by the receiver.
 Physical barriers – include competing
stimulus, weather and climate, health and
ignorance of the medium.
 Kinds of Interference

 Linguistic and Cultural barriers – pertain to

the language and its cultural environment.
Words may mean another in different
cultures.
 Mechanical barriers – those raised by the
channel employed for interpersonal, group
or mass communication. These include
cellphones, laptops, and other gadgets
used in communication.
 Nine Principles of Effective
Communication
 Clarity makes speeches understandable.
Fuzzy language is absolutely forbidden, as
are jargons, cliché expressions, euphemisms,
and doublespeak language.
 Concreteness reduces misunderstandings.
Messages must be supported by facts such
as research data, statistics or figures. To
achieve concreteness, abstract words must
be avoided.
 Nine Principles of Effective
Communication
 Courtesy builds goodwill. It involves being
polite in terms of approach and manner of
addressing an individual.
 Correctness

Glaring mistakes in grammar obscure the

meaning of a sentence. Also, the misuse of
language can damage your credibility.
 Nine Principles of Effective
Communication
 Consideration
Messages must be geared towards the
audience. The sender of a message must
consider the recipient’s profession, level of
education, race, hobbies, interests, passion,
advocacies and age when drafting or delivering
a message.
 Nine Principles of Effective
Communication
 Creativity in communication means having
the ability to craft interesting messages in
terms of sentence structure and word choice.
 Conciseness

Simplicity and directness help you to be

concise. Avoid using lengthy expressions and
words that may confuse the recipient.
 Nine Principles of Effective
Communication
 Cultural Sensitivity
Today, with the increasing emphasis on
empowering diverse cultures, lifestyles, and races,
and the pursuit for gender equality, cultural sensitivity
becomes an important standard for effective
communication.
 Captivating

You must strive to make messages interesting

to command more attention and better responses.
 Ethical Considerations in
Communication
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that focuses
on issues of right and wrong on human affairs.
Ethical Communicators:
1. Respect audience.
2. Consider the result of communication.
3. Value truth.
4. Use information correctly.
5. Do not falsify information.
 Functions of Communication

 Informing and conveying the message to

the receiver(s) through verbal and non-
verbal engagements.
 Functions of Communication

 Persuading other people to agree with the

ideas, opinions and suggestions.
 Integrating divisions and departments by
building a communication network to
achieve the goals and visions of the
organization.
 Functions of Communication

 Creating and establishing relationships

within the group or outside the group.
 Helping in decision making within the family,
friends, and members of the organization
when a crisis or important matter arise.
 Functions of Communication

 Reducing misunderstanding and solving

troubles among people.
Recap
 What is communication?
 Components of the Communication Process
 Kinds of Interference
 Nine Principles of Effective Communication
 Ethical Considerations in Communication
 Types of Communication
 Functions of Communication
Recap
 Communication and Globalization
 Local and Global Communication in
Multicultural Setting
 Communication Patterns According to
Nationalities
 Australia
 Turkey
 ....
“Precision of communication is
important, more important than ever,
in our era of hair trigger balances,
when a false or misunderstood word
may create as much disaster as a
sudden thoughtless act.”

James Thurber
 Discussants

 Esmaña, Carl
 Galampanao, Icon Leeyo
 Galfo, Bryan G.
 Gipulan, Vrylle John P.
 Liguan, Winnie Rhey G.