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PROTOCOL
FUNDAMENTALS OF
MODBUS
• Modbus is a serial communication protocol
developed and published by Modicon® in 1979 for
use with its programmable logic controllers (PLCs)
• Modbus is an open protocol and standard
communications protocol in the industry
• Versions of the Modbus protocol exist for serial lines
(Modbus RTU and Modbus ASCII) and for Ethernet
(Modbus TCP)
MODBUS SERIAL AND OSI
MODEL
MODBUS TCP AND OSI
MODEL
Layer OSI Function Modbus Function
5,6,7 Application Modbus Application
Protocol
4 Transport Transmission Control
Protocol
3 Network Internet Protocol
2 Data link IEEE 802.3
1 Physical IEEE 802.3
MODBUS OPERATION
MBAP HEADER
MODBUS TCP FRAME
• A new 7-byte header called the MBAP header (Modbus Application
Header) is added to the start of the message
• Transaction Identifier: 2 bytes set by the Client to uniquely identify
each request. These bytes are echoed by the Server since its
responses may not be received in the same order as the requests.
• Protocol Identifier: 2 bytes set by the Client. Modbus TCP = 00 00
• Length: 2 bytes identifying the number of bytes in the message to
follow.
• Unit Identifier: 1 byte set by the Client and echoed by the Server for
identification of a remote slave connected on a serial line or on
other buses
MODBUS TCP FRAME
1. Modbus Serial