ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN ELECTRIC

MOTOR SYSTEMS
• Electric motor systems account for about 60%
of global industrial electricity consumption.
• Electric motors drive both core industrial
processes, like presses or rolls, and auxiliary
systems, like compressed air generation,
ventilation or water pumping.
• There is a large potential for energy efficiency
in electric motors and motor systems with
high cost-effectiveness.
• This can be achieved by using:
1. Brushless DC motors
2. Variable Speed Drives
 BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS
• Brushless DC motors, also known as BLDC
motors, are synchronous electric motors
which get commutated electronically, with DC
current powering magnets that move the
rotor
• Instead of brushes and a commutator, BLDC
motors use a step motor controller to create
the rotation that turns electrical energy into
mechanical energy
 ADVANTAGES

• BLDC motors tend to be more reliable, last

longer, and be more efficient
• The lack of brushes and physical commutator.
means that there are fewer parts that can
wear out or break and need to be replaced
• It can operate at speeds above 10,000 rpm in
both loaded and unloaded conditions
• It operates with less noise and
electromagnetic interference
 APPLICATIONS
• Brushless motors have come to dominate
many applications in devices such as
computer hard drives and CD/DVD players.
• HVAC and refrigeration industries use
brushless motors instead of various types of
AC motors.
• Small cooling fans in electronic equipment are
powered exclusively by brushless motors.
 VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE
• Motor driven pumping systems are designed
for peak capacity but normally peak loads
occur for only for a small period of time in the
life time of the system.
• Variable-speed drive (VSD) can be used to
control the speed of machinery when a line
must operate at different speeds for different
products
A variable-frequency drive is a device used in a
drive system consisting of the following three
main sub-systems: AC motor, main drive
controller assembly, and drive/operator
interface.
 Controller
• The VFD controller is a solid-state power electronics
conversion system consisting of three distinct sub-systems: a
rectifier bridge converter, a direct current (DC) link, and an
inverter.
• Most drives are AC-AC drives in that they convert AC line
input to AC inverter output.
• The most basic rectifier converter for the VSI drive is
configured as a three-phase, six-pulse, full-wave diode bridge.
• In a VSI drive, the DC link consists of a capacitor which
smooths out the converter's DC output ripple and provides a
stiff input to the inverter.
• This filtered DC voltage is converted to quasi-sinusoidal AC
voltage output using the inverter's active switching elements.
 STATISTICS
• At 63% speed, a motor load consumes only
25% of its full-speed power.
• In the United States, an estimated 60-65% of
electrical energy is used to supply motors,
75% of which are variable-torque fan, pump,
and compressor loads.
• 18% of the energy used in the 40 million
motors could be saved by efficient energy
improvement technologies such as VFDs.
 ADVANTAGES

• Smoother operation
• Acceleration control
• Different operating speed for each process
recipe
• Compensate for changing process variables
• Allow slow operation for setup purposes
• Adjust the rate of production