● The unjust execution of the three

Filipino priests Mariano Gomez,

Jose Burgos and Jacinto Zamora.

● In 1892, Rizal proposed the

establiment of La Liga Filipina (The
Philippine League).

● In the house of Doroteo Ongjungco in Tondo, Manila.

 Unite the whole country
 Protect and assist all members
 Fight violence and injustice
 S u p p o r t e d u c a t i o n
 Study and implement reforms

Unus instar omnium (one like all)

Ambrosio Salvador Agustin dela Rosa Bonifacio Arevalo
PRESIDENT FISCAL TREASURER
Deodato Arellano J o s e R i z a l
SECRETARY FOUNDER
 A n d r e s B o n i f a c i o  Mamer to Natividad

 D o m i n g o F r a n c o  T i m o t e o L a n u z a

 M o i s e s S a l v a d o r  Marcelino de Santos

 Numeriano Adriano  P a u l i n o Z a m o r a

 J o s e D i z o n  J u a n Z u l u e t a
 A p o l i n a r i o M a b i n i  Doroteo Ongjuncoe

 Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista  Arcadio del Rosario

 T i m o t e o P a e z
 To set these ends in operation, a
Popular Council, a Provincial Council,
and a Supreme Council shall be
created.
 Each Council shall consist of a Chief,
a Fiscal, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and
members.
 The Supreme Council shall consist of
the Provincial Chiefs, just as the
Provincial Council shall be
composed of the Popular Chiefs.
 The Supreme Council shall have
command of the Liga Filipina, and
shall deal directly with the Provincial
Chiefs and Popular Chiefs.
 The Provincial Council shall have
command of the Popular Chiefs.
 The Popular Council only shall have
command of the members.
 Each Provincial Council and Popular
Council shall adopt a name different
from that of their locality or region.
 The member or his son who, while not
having the means shall show
application and great capacity, shall
be sustained;
 The poor shall be supported in his
right against any powerful person;
 The member who shall have suffered
any loss shall be aided;
 Capital shall be loaned to the
member who shall need it for an
industry or agriculture;
 The introduction of machines and
industries, new or necessary in the
country, shall be favored; and
 Shops, stores, and establishment
shall be opened where the members
may be accommodated move
economically than elsewhere.
 No one shall be admitted without a previous and unanimous vote of the
Council of his village, and without satisfying the tests to which he must
submit.
 Offices shall end every two years, except when there is an accusation by the
Fiscal.
 In order to obtain the posts, three-fourths of all the votes present shall be
required.
 The members shall elect the Popular Chief, the Popular Fiscal, and the Popular
Treasurer.
 The Popular authorities shall elect the Provincial authorities; and the
Provincial authorities shall elect the Supreme authorities.
 The Propaganda Movement put up its
own newspaper, called La
Solidaridad.
 The Soli, as the reformists fondly
called their official organ, came out
once every two weeks.
 The Solidaridad’s first editor was
Graciano Lopez Jaena.
 Marcelo H. del Pilar took over in
October 1889.
GR ACI ANO LOPEZ -JAENA
 Born in Jaro, part of Ilo-Ilo, on 17th of
December 1856

 First editor of La Solidaridad

 He wrote a long story about a certain friar

named Fray Botod

 Jaena was also known as a very fiery orator

 MARCELO H. DEL PIL AR

 Born in Barrio of Kupang, Bulacan, On the

30th of August 1850

 Editor of LA SOLIDARIDAD after Graciano

Jaena

 Founded the English-Tagalog newspaper

Diariong Tagalog
J O S E R I Z A L

 Born in Calamba, Laguna on 19th of June 1861

 Rizal published his novels, Noli me tangere

and El Filibusterismo

 Founded La Liga Filipina

 On the eve of his execution, while confined

in Fort Santiago, he wrote “Último adiós”
(Last Farewell).
  During the exile of Rizal, the organization became inactive
 Through the efforts of Domingo Franco and Andres Bonifacio, it was
reorganized

 Domingo Franco,PRESIDENT  Apolinario Mabini, SECRETARY

 Deodato Arellano, SECRETARY-  Marcelo H. del Pilar, EDITOR-IN-
TREASURER CHIEF
 Isidro Francisco, FISCAL  Graciano Lopez Jaena, FORMER
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
 1. CUERPO DE COMPROMISARIOS

 which pledged to continue supporting the La

Solidaridad

2. KATIPUNAN
 the radicals led by Bonifacio devoted
themselves to a new and secret society
 Rizal’s plea for the lifting of is  Adios Dapitan
rustication order

 Attempts to win back Rizal to  The revolution breaks out

Catholicism

 Attempts to recue Rizal from  Rizal sails to Spain for Cuba

Dapitan
 Katipunan began preparation geared for any
emergency
 Bonifacio ordered the manufactured of bolos

 He ordered Tito Miguel and Roman Ramos who

were employed at Maestanza to steal rifles and
pistols
 from Batangas, a rumor circulated that there
were secret gatherings
 Banished all the prominent men in Malolos
Bulacan , 1895, and those of Taal, Batangas in
1896
 Gobernador- heneral Ramón Blanco Erenas Riera
y Polo
 Unfortunately an incident took place between two
katipuneros' Apolinario Dela Cruz and Teodoro Patiño
who work in Diario de Manila.

 Patiño was forced or suggested to reveal the secret

society to Father Mariano Gil
 Some Katipuneros were ordered to study the signatures for
the purpose of forging some documents
 Wealthy men as Luis R. Yangco, Francisco L. Roxas etc., were
heavy contributor to the Katipunan fund
Andres Bonifacio immediately called a general meeting

Various wings of the Katipunan gathered at the house of

Juan Ramos in Pugadlawin

 Juan Ramos was the son of Melchora Aquino, "Tandang

Sora" (Mother of Katipunan )
 August 24 , they arrived at the yard of Melchora Aquino
known as "Tandang Sora"

 August 24 , they arrived at the yard of Melchora Aquino

known as "Tandang Sora"

 Bonifacio issued a manifesto

 Thousands of men marched toward Pasig

 About 400 rebels attacked the church of Pandakan

 Bonifacio neraly lost his life when he was protecting

Jacinto.
 Declaring province of Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas,
Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac and Nueva Ecija in state of war and
placing them under martial law.
 Any person accused of Treachery would be handed over to the
military court of trial.
 Blanco said those who surrender to the government within 48
hours not be turned to military court.
 Some Katipuneros surrendered.
 They were forced to confess
about the society.

 Tortured was employed to make

them squeal.

 Fort Santiago was so packed

with Filipino suspects and died
of suffocation.

 Fort Santiago was so packed with Filipino suspects and died of

suffocation.
 September 04, 1896
Four Katipuneros were
executed at the Luneta.  In Kalibo, Capiz 19 Patriots
were shot to death.
 September 12, 1896
13 men from Cavite were
 December 30, 1896
executed. (Los Trece Martines de
Jose Rizal executed at the
Cavite)
old Bagumbayan Field
 January 04, 1896
12 Bicolano's rebels were
executed (Twelve Bicol Martyrs)
Katipuneros divided themselves into Magdalo and Magdiwang
factions.

 Magdalo group headed by  Magdiwang group led by

Baldemoro Aguinaldo General Marciano Alvarez
stationed at Kawit stationed in Novelleta
August 31, 1896
 Raised the standard of Revolt when they attack the
Tribunal ( Municipal building of San Francisco de
Malabon)

 Magdiwang attacked Spaniards in Noveleta

 Magdalo led by Candido Tirona took offensive against
the enemy Garrison.
 Emilio Aguinaldo marched against Bakood to
intercept the Spanish forces from Manila but was
defeated.
 Emilio retreated to Imus
 September 05, he defeated the Spanish Troops under
the command of General Aguirre.
 Polavieja began his campaign in Cavite early in
January 1897 and partially suceeded.
 Request of Artemio Ricarte and Mariano Alvarez
Bonifacio accepted the invitation.

 March 1897, the two faction again

met at Tejeros a bario of San
Francisco de Malabon.
 New government be stablished to
replace the Katipunan.
Emilio Aguinaldo Mariano Trias Artemio Ricarte
PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENT CAPTAIN GENERAL
Emiliano Riego de Andres Bonifacio
Dios DIRECTOR OF THE
DIRECTOR OF WAR INTERIOR
 After the election of
Aguinaldo’s Presidency, oath
taking of all the elected
officials during Tejeros
Convention with the exception
of Bonifacio was held at Santa
Cruz de Malabon (now Tanza)
office.
 April 1897, Cavite, Bonifacio and his men drew this
document in which they resolved to establish a
government independent of and separate from that
established at Tejeros.

 Among the forty-one men who signed it were Andres

Bonifacio, Artemio Ricarte, Pio del Pilar and Severino de las
Alas.
 The Naik Military Agreement came to knowledge of
Aguinaldo and, realizing the significance of Bonifacio’s
intentions, he ordered the arrest of the Bonifacio brothers.
 April 28, 1897. Aguinaldo
forwarded the Bonifacio
case to the Council of War
in Order “to conduct the
necessary trial. . . .”
 April 29, 1897. Personnel of
the Council of War was
c o m p l e t e d .
 Andres and Procopio Bonifacio was found guilty of treason
and sedition in spite of the fact that the evidence was not
sufficient to prove their alleged guilt.
 May 8, 1897, Baldomero Aguinaldo, the Audit of War, wrote
President Aguinaldo recommending approval of the Council
of War’s decision, namely, execution of the two brothers.
 President Aguinaldo, commuted the death sentence to
banishment.
 May 10, 1897, General Noriel ordered Major Lazaro
Makapagal to bring out the two brothers from jail.

 Makapagal followed the order to execute Andres and

Procopio Bonifacio.
 General Camilo de Pola Vieja

 Decrees issued by Primo de

Rivera

 Moving from Talisay, Batangas to

Bulacan
 Towns of Central Luzon
 The Philippine Republic
 Felix Ferrer and Isabelo Artacho
 Cuban Constitution of Jimaguayú
 Establishment of Supreme Council (November 1 , 1897)
The Supreme Council (November 2, 1897)
 Death of Bonifacio  Biak-na-Bato in San Miguel
d el Ma y um o i n Bul ac an
 14 December 1897 : Signed the
truce.  “To the Brave Sons of the
Philippines”
 Emilio Aguinaldo as the new
leader
 The removal of friars and the return of their lands to the
rightful Filipinos
 Representation in the Spanish court
 Freedom of the press and of religious expression
 Equal treatment for peninsulares (those born in Spain) and
insulares (those born in the Philippines) civil servants
 Abolition of the banishment system

 Equality for all people in legal terms

 Governor-general Primo de Rivera
 Pedro Paterno  shuttle diplomacy

 That Spain should pay 800,000 Mexican dollars to be paid in

installments in exchange of exile for Emilio and his associates
 Payment should be made personally to Emilio, and its use will be
totally in the discretion of the group
 That Spain should give two hostages as collateral until Emilio
and his group have arrived in Hong Kong and until they are paid
the first installment

 That the friars should be expelled

That a time of peace shall be declared until February

 Reasons why did it failed

Agoncillio A. Eight edition, History of the Filipino People
Valdeavilla, R. (2018, July 30) The History of The Philippine
Revolution. Retrieved from:
https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/the-
history-of-the-philippine-revolution/
Zabala, B. (2015, August 15) Second Phase of Revolution.
Retrieved from:
https://www.slideshare.net/beatricezabala/second-phase-
of-revolution-51662079