EARTH LAYERS

Geospehere
The geosphere is the earth's solid rock or
rigid outer layer known as the crust.
Without the geosphere it would not be
possible for humans to live on the planet
because there would be no solid ground.
Included in the earth's geosphere are the
rocks, minerals, molten rock, sand, and
mountains.
The Four Layers of the Earth
Crust - The Earth's crust is the outermost layer of our
planet and is less than 1% of the entire Earth's size. There is
the crust and then the mantle and they both contain
different kinds of rocks which make them different to each
other. The continental crust is the crust that is covered by
land.
Mantle- The mantle is the thick layer of hot, solid rock
between the Earth's crust and the molten iron core. It
makes up the bulk of the Earth, accounting for two-thirds
of the planet's mass. The mantle starts about 30
kilometers down and is about 2,900 kilometers thick.
 The core is made mostly of two metals called
iron and nickel. The outer core is the outer layer of
the core that is made of liquid iron and nickel. Since it is a
liquid, the outer core can spin, and it does. This spinning causes
the entire planet to be magnetic (think of a refrigerator magnet).
The Earth's inner core is made up of iron and
nickel, just like the outer core, however, the inner core is
different. The inner core is so deep within the earth that
it's under immense pressure. ... The inner core is the
hottest part of the Earth, and, at over 5000 degrees C, is
about as hot as the surface of the sun.
Rocks and minerals
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks.
Geologists define a mineral as: A naturally
occurring, inorganic, solid, crystalline
substance which has a fixed structure and a
chemical composition which is either fixed
or which may vary within
certain defined limits.
3 Types of Rocks
Igneous Rock - Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one
of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary
and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the
cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The magma
can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either
a planet's mantle or crust.
 Sedimentary Rock - Sedimentary rocks are types
of rock that are formed by the accumulation or
deposition of small particles and subsequent
cementation of mineral or organic particles on the
floor of oceans or other bodies of water at the
Earth's surface.
Metamorphic Rock - Metamorphic rocks arise from
the transformation of existing rock types, in a process
called metamorphism, which means "change in
form". The original rock is subjected to heat and
pressure, causing profound physical or chemical
change. The protolith may be a sedimentary, igneous,
or existing metamorphic rock.
Weathering and Erosion -
Erosion happens when rocks and
sediments are picked up and moved to
another place by ice, water, wind or gravity.
Mechanical weathering physically breaks
up rock. One example is called frost action
or frost shattering. Water gets into cracks
and joints in bedrock.
 Difference Between
Weathering and Erosion?
Erosion is the removal and transport of surface
materials (soil, rocks, mud, etc.) through the
actions of wind, water, and ice. ... The
primary difference between weathering and
erosion is that weathering occurs in place
whereas erosion involves movement to a new
location.
Examples of Weathering and
Erosion?
Example of weathering: Wind and water
cause small pieces of rock to break off at the
side of a mountain. Weathering can occur
due to chemical and mechanical
processes. Erosion is the movement of
particles away from their
source. Example of erosion: Wind carries
small pieces of rock away from the side of a
mountain.
 Thank you !
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