Civil Engineering Sub-disciplines

Structural
Geotechnical
Environmental
Transportation
Construction

OVERVIEW
Structural Engineering
Objective of Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering Process
Types of loads
Types of structures
Load paths in structures
Summary
What is a structure?
The primary function of a building structure is to support and
transmit the building loads and forces to the ground.
Ex. Building Structures ………..Houses,Skyscrapers etc.
Non-building Structures…..Bridges,Tunnels, Dams etc
 Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering Process
Types of loads
Types of structures
Load paths in structures
Summary

Structural engineering is the Science, Mathematics, Art of Designing and

making with economy and elegance, buildings, bridges, frameworks, and other
structures so that they can safely resist the loads to which they may be
subjected.
Structural Engineering
Objective of Structural Engineering

Types of loads
Types of structures
Load paths in structures
Summary
Determine types magnitudes of loads
Determine structural context
geometric and geological information
cost / schedule / height/ etc. limitations
Generate alternative structural systems
Analyze one or more alternatives
Select and perform detailed design
Implement (usually done by contractor)
 What is the difference b/w Force & Loads?
Force is dynamic action and load is static action.

Type of Loads
Gravity Loads
Dead loads (e.g., Self Weight)
Super Imposed Dead Load (e.g., Finishes, Block Wall, Ceiling, MEP ducting, etc.)
Live loads (e.g. , Human , Furniture etc.)
Equipment Load (e.g., MEP Equipment)
Moving Load
Water Load (Downward Pressure)
Loads due to cycling machinery
Impact Load
Blast Load

Lateral Loads
Wind loads –Code Procedure or Wind Tunnel
Earthquake loads-
Thermal loads
Settlement loads
Soil Pressure/Water Pressure
How do we judge the materials?
Common Material Properties
Strength – Tensile/Compressive
Density
Hardness
Ductility / Brittleness
Elasticity
Toughness