CERAMICS

INDUSTRY
  Properties of ceramics
 Classification of ceramics
 Ceramic raw materials
 Processing of ceramics
 What is a
ceramic?
Non-metallic
Inorganic
material

“keramikos” The bonds are either

totally ionic bond or
predominantly ionic
Burnt stuff or
drinking vessel
but have some
covalent character.
 Classification of
Ceramics
Traditional Advanced
Ceramics Ceramics
Older and more generally Have been developed over the past
known types. half century

Based primarily from natural Include industrial inorganic

materials that exhibit specialized
crude raw materials of clay properties, and require more
and silicates. sophisticated processing.
Building materials Applied as thermal barrier coatings
to protect metal structures, wearing
Household materials surfaces.
Manufacturing Engine applications.
Traditional Ceramics Advanced Ceramics

• White wares • Electronic

• Structural Clay Substrate, Package
products Ceramics
• Brick and Tiles • Capacitor
• Abrasives Dielectric
• Refractories • Magnetic Ceramics
• Cement • Optical Ceramics
• Conductive
Ceramics
White ware ceramics
 Ceramic Raw
Materials

Clay Silica Feldspar

(50%) (25%) (25%)
 Function of Raw
Materials
Clay Silica Feldspar

• It provides the
• It decreases its
• It serves unfired strength
glassy phase for
the ceramic bodes
as the and plasticity but
and they are added
assist to facilitate
binder. to decrease the
escape of gasses
firing temperature
during drying
and thus to reduce
and firing.
cost.
 Processing of
Ceramics
Raw
Material

Final
Product
Properties
Application Microstructure
 Manufacturing
Process

Shaping Drying Firing Glazing

The ingredients are mixed together and
soaked in water.

Step 1.
Shaping
 Tape Slip Injection
Casting casting Molding
Raw
Forming a
Process for materials
hollow
making are mixed
ceramic
thin sheets with resin
part by
of ceramics to provide
introducing
using a the
a pourable
ceramic necessary
slurry into
slurry. fluidity
a mold.
degree.
The items are dried slowly in an oven,
during which stage they lose all of the
water.

Step 2.
Drying
The item is heated to temperature up to
1170 degree Celsius.

Step 3. Firing
Glaze is a thin layer of glass or glass and
crystals that adheres to the surface of the
clay body.

Step 4.
Glazing
It provides a smooth, non-absorbent
surface that can be colored and textured
in a manner not possible on the clay body
itself.