第11單元

阿波羅：古希臘的醫神
Apollo：the God of Healing
in Ancient Greece
陳玲華
台大外文系副教授
[醫學與人文 2010年12月]
 Outline
I. Apollo in the Hippocratic Oath
II. Apollo, the god of healing (The Iliad)
III. The cult of Apollo
IV. Apollo’s divine family
˙ father: Zeus ˙uncles: Poseidon, Hades
˙mother: Leto ˙sister: Artemis
˙son: Asclepius, the god of medicine
V. Apollo’s unhappy love
˙ Cassandra
˙ Daphne
˙ Coronis: mother of Asclepius (The Metamorphosis)
VI. The cult of Asclepius
I. Apollo in the Hippocratic Oath
希波克拉底誓言中的阿波羅
Apollo Hippocrates
Hippocrates (460-377 BC)
the father of medicine

 Hippocrates, who is often described as the

founder of modern medicine, left a legacy of
53 scientific books on medical topics, known
as the Corpus Hippocraticum.
 Modern doctors still take the Hippocratic
Oath which is the basis of medical ethics.
The Hippocratic Oath:
“I swear by Apollo the physician
and Asclepius, and Health, and
All-heal, and all the gods and
goddesses . . .”
“Into whatever houses I enter, I will go into them
for the benefit of the sick, and will abstain from
every voluntary act of mischief and corruption;
and, further from the seduction of females or
males, of freemen and slaves….”
“Whatever, in connection with my professional
practice or not, I see or hear, in the life of men,
which ought not to be spoken of abroad, I will
not divulge, as reckoning that all such should
be kept secret….”
II. Apollo: the god of healing
 The Greeks believed that illness was a
punishment sent by the gods to whom they
prayed for a cure.
 Apollo was associated with light and
healing, but if he was angry, his arrows
could cause plague.
 Apollo, the god of archery, punished
Agamemnon and his Greek camp with
plague in the Trojan War. When his anger
was appeased, he granted his healing.
(Homer, The Iliad, Book I )
III. The cult of Apollo
 Apollo’s temple at Delphi was of paramount
importance in Greece.
 He was well-known as a god of prophecy,
and at Delphi he would reply to questions
about the future, known as the “oracle.”
 Apollo was also the patron god of music
and poetry, and the protector of herdsmen
and flocks.
 His forename Phoebus means “bright,” and
he became connected with the Greek sun-
god Helios in the Hellenistic Age.
IV. Apollo’s divine family
 Father: Zeus, the king of the gods
on Olympus
 Uncles: Poseidon, the god of the ocean
Hades, the god of the
underworld
 Mother: Leto, the goddess of Delos
 Sister: Artemis, the goddess of hunting
 Son by a mortal woman, Coronis:
Asclepius, the god of medicine
V. Apollo’s unhappy love

˙ Cassandra: the discredit of her prophesy

˙ Daphne: the laurel tree
˙ Coronis: mother of Asclepius
(The Metamorphosis)
VI. The cult of Asclepius
 Son of Apollo and Coronis
 Father of Hygieia (Hygiene) and
two Greek doctors at Troy,
Machaon and Podalirius
 Sanctuaries of Asclepius all over the Greek
world.
 The temple and theater at Epidaurus.
 “Temple sleep”: a healing ritual at Asclepius’
temple to provide divine medical cures for
the ailing people
˙ Asclepius & his staff with a serpent
twisted around it （厄斯克里皮斯與他的蛇杖）
˙Asclepius’ temple at Cos （厄斯克里皮斯的神廟）
 版權聲明
圖片 授權條件 作者／來源

作者：ChrisO 來源：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apollo_ny_carl
sberg_glyptotek.jpg 2010.10.7 visited
1881 Young Persons‘ Cyclopedia of Persons
and Places Assumming PD due to age.
RedWolf 05:45, Jan 10, 2005 (UTC) {{PD}} 來
源：http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-
tw/File:Hippocrates.jpg 2010.10.7 visited

Twelfth-century Byzantine manuscript the oath

was written out in the form of a cross 來源：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HippocraticOat
h.jpg 2010.10.7 visited
作者：DerHexer 來源：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Statue_of_Askl
epios_NAMA_263_(DerHexer).JPG 10.10.07
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圖片 授權條件 作者／來源

作者：Heiko Gorsk 來源：

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kos_Asklepeio
n.jpg 2010.10.7 visited