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This document summarizes the key parts and functions of an animal cell. It describes the nucleus as the cell's control center that contains DNA. Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP to power the cell's activities. The cell membrane protects the cell and controls what enters and exits. Ribosomes build proteins and the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into vesicles for transport.
This document summarizes the key parts and functions of an animal cell. It describes the nucleus as the cell's control center that contains DNA. Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP to power the cell's activities. The cell membrane protects the cell and controls what enters and exits. Ribosomes build proteins and the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into vesicles for transport.
This document summarizes the key parts and functions of an animal cell. It describes the nucleus as the cell's control center that contains DNA. Mitochondria convert nutrients into ATP to power the cell's activities. The cell membrane protects the cell and controls what enters and exits. Ribosomes build proteins and the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into vesicles for transport.
Nucleus Parts of the Cell Summary Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
▪ Smooth ER, is an organelle found in both
animal cells and plant cells. ▪ The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids. ▪ It also distributes those products throughout the cell and to places in the organism. Mitochondrion
▪ Rod-shaped organelles that can be considered
the power generators of the cell ▪ Converts oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ▪ ATP is the chemical energy "currency" of the cell that powers the cell's metabolic activities Cytosol
▪ Part of the cytoplasm
▪ Contains mainly dissolved proteins, electrolytes and glucose. Lysosome
▪ Spherical vesicles that contain hydrolytic
enzymes that can break down many kinds of biomolecules. ▪ Also act as the waste disposal system of the cell by digesting unwanted materials in the cytoplasm Centrioles
▪ Cylindrical cellular organelle composed
mainly of a protein called tubulin ▪ Main function of centrioles is to produce cilia during interphase and the aster and the spindle during cell division. Centrosome Matrix
▪ A network of small fibers that surrounds the
centrioles in cells ▪ Contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome Cytoskeletal elements
▪ A complex network of interlinking
filaments and tubules that extend throughout the cytoplasm ▪ Its primary function would be to give the cell its shape and mechanical resistance to deformation Chromatin
▪ A mass of genetic material composed of
DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. ▪ The primary function of chromatin is to compress the DNA into a compact unit that will be less voluminous and can fit within the nucleus Nucleolus
▪ Known as the site of ribosome
biogenesis ▪ Nucleoli also participate in the formation of signal recognition particles and play a role in the cell's response to stress. Nuclear envelope
▪ Consists of two lipid bilayer
membranes, an inner nuclear membrane, and an outer nuclear membrane. ▪ Has many nuclear pores that allow materials to move between the cytosol and the nucleus. Nucleus
▪ Contain most of the cell's genetic
material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in a complex with a large variety of proteins ▪ control center of the cell. Plasma membrane
▪ Protects the cell from its
environment ▪ Controls the movement of substances in and out of cells and organelles Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
▪ The face of the rough endoplasmic
reticulum is studded with ribosomes that are the sites of protein synthesis ▪ Forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae. Ribosomes
▪ Serves as the site of biological
protein synthesis. ▪ The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus. Golgi apparatus
▪ Packages proteins into membrane-
bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination Peroxisome
▪ Peroxisomes absorb nutrients that
the cell has acquired. They are very well known for digesting fatty acids. ▪ They also play a part in the way organisms digest alcohol (ethanol). Summary Assignment